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Biology 2 - C02 - 03

šŸ§¬šŸ“—2ļøāƒ£2ļøāƒ£ Module 2_ Development of Evolutionary Thought _ #3

QuestionAnswer
Development of Evolutionary Thought
Who proposed the ā€œScala Naturaeā€? Aristotle.
What did Aristotle believe about species? That species are fixed, permanent, and do not evolve.
Who is known as the ā€œFather of Taxonomyā€? Carolus Linnaeus.
What was Linnaeusā€™ major contribution? A hierarchical classification system based on shared characteristics.
Did Linnaeus believe in evolution? No, but his system later supported evolutionary thinking.
Who studied fossils and founded comparative anatomy? Baron Georges Cuvier.
What theory did Cuvier propose? Catastrophism.
What is catastrophism? The idea that sudden events caused extinctions and shaped lifeā€™s history.
Did Cuvier support evolution? No, he rejected evolutionary change.
Who proposed the inheritance of acquired traits? Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.
What is Lamarckā€™s principle of use and disuse? Body parts used become stronger; unused parts weaken.
Why was Lamarckā€™s theory rejected? Acquired traits are not genetically inherited.
Who proposed gradual geological change? James Hutton.
What did Huttonā€™s ideas imply? Earth is very old, allowing time for evolution.
Who expanded Huttonā€™s ideas into uniformitarianism? Charles Lyell.
What is uniformitarianism? Geological processes occur slowly and continuously over long periods.
How did Lyell influence Darwin? He provided evidence for an ancient Earth.
Who wrote ā€œAn Essay on the Principle of Populationā€? Thomas Malthus.
What key idea did Malthus contribute? Populations grow faster than resources, creating competition.
How did Malthus influence Darwin? He inspired the idea of the struggle for existence.
Who independently developed natural selection alongside Darwin? Alfred Russel Wallace.
Where did Wallace conduct most of his research? The Malay Archipelago.
 

 



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