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Biology 2 - C02 - 01

šŸ§¬šŸ“—2ļøāƒ£2ļøāƒ£ Module 2_ Introduction to Evolution _ #1

QuestionAnswer
Introduction to Evolution
What is evolution? The process by which populations change genetically over generations, leading to diversity of life.
What is descent with modification? The idea that species change over generations and inherit traits from common ancestors.
What is a species? A group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
What is an allele? A variant form of a gene located at a specific locus on a chromosome.
What is genetic variation? Differences in DNA, alleles, or traits within a population.
Why is genetic variation important? It provides the raw material for evolution and adaptation.
What is allele frequency? The proportion of a specific allele in a populationā€™s gene pool.
What does evolution require? Changes in allele frequencies across generations.
What causes changes in allele frequency? Mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, natural selection, and sexual selection.
What is natural selection? A process where individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce more successfully.
What is mutation? A random change in DNA that introduces new genetic variation.
What is genetic drift? Random changes in allele frequencies, especially in small populations.
What is the founder effect? A small group starts a new population with limited genetic diversity.
What is the bottleneck effect? A drastic reduction in population size causing loss of genetic diversity.
What is gene flow? Movement of alleles between populations through migration or reproduction.
What is sexual selection? Selection based on traits that increase mating success.
What is intersexual selection? Mate choice, often by females selecting males with preferred traits.
What is intrasexual selection? Competition among individuals of the same sex for mates.
What is artificial selection? Human-controlled breeding to enhance desired traits.
What is adaptation? A heritable trait that increases an organismā€™s survival or reproductive success.
 

 



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