Process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells.

Process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.

Type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism.

Threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information; in eukaryotes, chromosomes are found in the nucleus; in prokaryotes, they are found in the cytoplasm.

Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones.

Series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells.

Period of the cell cycle between cell divisions.

Part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides.

Division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells.

First and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible.

Region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach.

One of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome.

Structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division.

Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.

Phase of mitosis in which he chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.

Phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin.

One of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells

One of a group of external regulatory proteins that stimulate the growth and division of cells.

Process of programmed cell death.

Disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth.

Mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding tissue.

Female gametophyte within the ovule of a flowering plant.

Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.

Cells that are able to develop into any type of cell found in the body (including the cells that make up the extra embryonic membranes and placenta).

Stage of early development in mammals that consists of a hollow ball of cells.

Cells that are capable of developing into most, but not all, of the body's cell types.

Unspecialized cell that can give rise to one or more types of specialized cells.

Cell with limited potential to develop into many types of differentiated cells.

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Chapter 10 vocabular

Term	Definition
Cell Division	Process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells.
Asexual Reproduction	Process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.
Sexual Reproduction	Type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism.
Chromosome	Threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information; in eukaryotes, chromosomes are found in the nucleus; in prokaryotes, they are found in the cytoplasm.
Chromatin	Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones.
Cell Cycle	Series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells.
Interphase	Period of the cell cycle between cell divisions.
Mitosis	Part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides.
Cytokinesis	Division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells.
Prophase	First and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible.
Centromere	Region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach.
Chromatid	One of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome.
Centriole	Structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division.
Metaphase	Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.
Anaphase	Phase of mitosis in which he chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.
Telophase	Phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin.
Cyclin	One of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells
Growth Factor	One of a group of external regulatory proteins that stimulate the growth and division of cells.
Apoptosis	Process of programmed cell death.
Cancer	Disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth.
Tumor	Mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding tissue.
Embryo	Female gametophyte within the ovule of a flowering plant.
Differentiation	Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
Totipotent	Cells that are able to develop into any type of cell found in the body (including the cells that make up the extra embryonic membranes and placenta).
Blastocyst	Stage of early development in mammals that consists of a hollow ball of cells.
Pluripotent	Cells that are capable of developing into most, but not all, of the body's cell types.
Stem Cell	Unspecialized cell that can give rise to one or more types of specialized cells.
Multipotent	Cell with limited potential to develop into many types of differentiated cells.

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