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Electrical Circuits
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Battery | a direct current voltage source consisting of two or more cells that convert chemical energy into electrical energy |
| Circuit | a complete path for current flow |
| Atom | The smallest particle to which an element may be divided and still retain the properties of that element |
| Proton | The smallest positively charged particle of an atom. |
| Charge | a quantity of electricity that is either positive or negative. |
| Electron | a negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom |
| Neutron | an electrically neutral particle (neither positive nor negative) that has the same mass as a proton and is found in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Nucleus | The center of an atom (it contains the protons and neutrons of the atom) |
| Valence Shell | The outermost ring of electrons that orbit the nucleus of an atom |
| Ion | An atom with a negative or positive charge due gaining or losing electrons |
| Conductor | A material through which it is relatively easy to maintain an electric current |
| Insulator | A material through which it is difficult to conduct an electric current |
| Semiconductor | A material that has electrical properties between that of a conductor and an insulator (are used to control current flow in electronic equipment and other applications, such as solar photovoltaic systems) |
| Voltage | The driving force that makes current flow in a circuit (E) |
| Current | The movement or flow of electrons in a circuit |
| Resistance | an electrical property that opposes the flow of current through a circuit |
| Power | The rate of doing work or the rate at which energy is used or dissipated (watts w) |
| Volt (V) | The unit of measurement for voltage, represented by the letter V. |
| Coulomb (C) | A unit of electrical charge equal to 6.24 x 10 electrons ( is the common unit of quantity used for specifying the size of a given chnage |
| Joule (J) | a unit of energy measurement for doing work. |
| Ampere (A) | The basic unit of measurement for the electrical current |
| Ohm | The basic unit of measurement die resistance |
| Resistor | A device in a circuit that restricts or opposes the flow of electrons |
| Ohm's law | a rule stating that the circuit is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance stated as (I ), equals voltage (E), resistance (R) |
| Watt (W) | The basic unit of measurement for electrical power |
| Kilo | a prefix used to indicate on thousand |
| Schematic diagram | a type of drawing in which symbols are used to represent the components in a system |
| Series Circuit | a circuit with only one path for current flow |
| Parallel Circuit | a circuit in which each load is connected directly to the voltage source |
| Voltage Drop | The change in voltage across a compote that is caused by the current flowing through it and the amount of resistance opposing it |
| Voltmeter | an instrument for measuring voltage |
| Ohmmeter | an instrument for measuring resistance |
| Ammeter | an instrument for measuring electrical current |
| Conductor | has three or fewer valence electrons (easily allow electron flow) Copper and aluminum |
| Semiconductor | has four valence electrons (are not good conductors but they cannot be used as insulators either) Germanium and silicon |
| Insulator | has a five or more valence electrons. (they do not conduct electricity anymore ) Porcelain and plastic |
Created by:
thomasalaija