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science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| pangaea | The supercontinent that formed 300 million years ago and that began to break up 200 million years ago |
| sea floor spreading | The process by which new oceanic listhosphere sea floor forms when magma rises to earth surface at mid ocean ridges and solidfies as older exsiting sea floors moves away from the ridge |
| plate tectonics | The large theory that explains how large pieces of the lithosphere called plates move and change shape |
| tectonics plates | A block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid outermost part of the mantle |
| convergent boundary | The boundary between tectonic plates that are colliding |
| divergent boundary | The boundary between two tectonic plates are moving away from each other |
| transform boundary | The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizantally |
| deformation | the bending tilting and breaking Earth crust the change in the shape of rock in response to stress |
| folding | The bending of rock layers due to stress |
| fault | A break in a body of rock along which one moves relative to another |
| shear stress | Stress that occurs when forces act in parallel but opposite directions pushing parts of a solid in opposite direction |
| tension | stress that occurs when forces act to stretch and object |
| compression | stress that occurs when forces act to squeeze an object |
| Earthquake | A movement or trembling of the ground that is caused by a sudden release of energy when rocks along a fault move |
| focus | The location within Earth along a fault at which the first motion of an Earthquake occurs |
| epicenter | The point on Earth surface directly above an earthquake starting point or focus |
| tectonic plate boundary | The edge between two or more plates classified as divergent convergent or transform by the movement taking place between the plates |
| elastic | The edge between two or more plates classified as divergent convergent or transform by the movement takinng places between plates |
| volcano | A vent or fissure in Earths surface trough which magma and gases are expelled |
| magma | The molten or partially molten rock material containing trapped gasses produced under the earth surface |
| lava | magma that flows onto Earth surface the rock that forms when lava cools and solidifies |
| vent | An opening at the surface of the Earth through which volcanic material passes |
| hot spot | A volcanically active area of Earth surface commonly far from tectonic plates boundary |
| mineral | A natural usually inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition and an orderly internal structure |
| element` | A substance that cannot be separeated or broken down into simpler substance by chemical means all atoms of an element have the same atomic number |
| atom | The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element |
| compound | A substance made up of atoms or ions of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |
| matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
| crystal | Natural solid substance that has a definite geometric shape |
| streak | The color of a mineral in powdered form |
| luster | The way in which a mineral reflects light |
| cleavage | In geology the tendency of a mineral to split along specific planes of weakness to form smooth flat surfaces |
| crust | The thin and solid outermost layer of Earth above mantle |
| mantle | The layer of rock between the Earth crust and core |
| convection | The movement of matter due to differences in density the transfer energy due to the movement of matter |
| core | The central part of Earth below the mantle |
| lithosphere | The solid outer layer of Earth consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle |
| asthenosphere | The soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonics plates move |
| mesosphere | The strong lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer layer and the outer core. 2 The layer of the atmosphere between the stratosphere and the thermosphere and in which tempreature decreases as altitude increases |
Created by:
Emanuel Barraza