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hygiene
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| friction against skin layers causes... (neonate) | bruising |
| in girls estrogen secretion causes... | skin to become more soft, smooth, and thicker with increased vascularity |
| what happens when you age (rate of epidermal cell replacement) | rate slows down, and skin thins and loses resiliency |
| what is morton's neuroma | common condition in middle age women, affecting health-equality of life by causing burning, numbness and pain of the foot on weight bearing |
| decreased sensation places a patient at risk for .... | pressure or thermal injuries |
| should we encourage them to participate and do these things independently (patient, assessment is patient ready to be discharged) | yes |
| example of nursing knowledge from other disciplines | a patient with diabetes mellitus has special needs for nail and foot care to prevent injury and infection |
| what are some skin assessments you can perform | note color, texture, thickness, turgor, temperature and hydration |
| always inspect areas of skin in contact with... | any medical device at least daily |
| look for what under skin sites (med devices) | edema |
| how should you treat skin rashes | wash area thoroughly and apply antiseptic spray or lotion to prevent further itching |
| how should you treat contact dermatitis | avoid causative agents (adhesives, cleansers, soaps) |
| what is an abrasion | scraping or rubbing away of epidermis that results in localizd bleeding and later weeping of serous fluid |
| how should you treat abrasions | wash them with mild soap and water, observe dressing for retained moisture (increases risk of infection) |
| where are some less common areas skin surfaces we must check | under breasts or scrotum, peri area, groin |
| what is a complete bed bath | bath to completely dependent patient in bed |
| what is partial bed bath | bathing only body parts that causes discomfort if left unbathed such as hands, face, axilla, peri area (also includes back and back rub) |
| who usually receives a partial bed bath | dependent patients, self-sufficient bedridden patients who are unable to reach all body parts |
| who benefits from a CHG cloths and wipes | those with central line infections, reduces risk of infection by 30% |
| what is a sponge bath at sink | bathing from bath basin or sink with patient sitting in a chair (perform part of bath independently) |
| what is a tub bath | immersion in a tub of water that allows more thorough washing and rinsing than a bed bath |
| what is a disposable bed bath | several soft, nonwoven cotton cloths that are premoistened in a solution of no-rinse surfactant cleaner and emollient |
| CHG bath | antimicrobial agent used to reduce incidence of hospital-acquired infection on skin, invasive lines and catheters |
| CHG reduces .... | risk of HAIs |
| never use CHG on? | incisions, open wounds, rectum area, vaginal area |
| what reduces MRSA (solution) | use of CHG in washbasins |
| CHG bathing is particularly effective for which patients | ICU |
| which patients need more frequent perineal care | incontinence dermatitis, foley catheter patients, postpartum, patients recovering form rectal or genital surgery |
| why shouldn't you massage arms and legs | risk for dislodging blood clots, worsening infections |
| what is maceration of tissue | softening of tissue or breakdown of skin |
| what are certain conditions that patients with diabetes are at increased risk for amputation | peripheral neuropathy, limited joint mobility, history of skin ulcers |
| with patients with diabetes NEVER... | soak the feet and ALWAYS dry in between toes |
| how should you cut your toenails | trim straight across and square file |
| when should you use antimicrobial toothpastes and CHG oral rinses | patients with an increased risk for poor oral hygiene (cognitive impairments and immunocompromised patients) |
| how should the patient be positioned to avoid aspiration | keeping head of bed raised 30-45 degrees (semi-fowlers) |
| the use of CHG with oral hygiene reduces the risk for... | ventilator-associated pneumonia |
| how should you position patients that are ventilated while providing oral care | semi-fowlers (30-45) |
| what is stomatitis | causes burning pain and change in food and fluid tolerance |
| how should you care for patients with stomatitis | brush with soft toothbrush and floss gently to prevent bleeding of gums |
| normal saline rinses starts when? | when you first wake up in morning, after each meal and bedtime |
| never use _ or _ water when caring for dentures | extremely hot or extremely cold |
| what is fowler's position | hea of bed raised to 45-90 degrees (eating position) |
| what is semi-fowlers | 30-45 degrees (oral care) |
| trendelenburg | entire bedframe tilted with head of bed down (postural drainage) |
| reverse trendelenburg | entire bedframe tilted with foot of bed down (gastric emptying) |
Created by:
shinykwon