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A&P 102
Module 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are capillaries? | Transport blood between arteries and veins |
| Does arteries transport blood away or towards the heart? | Away from the heart |
| Do Veins transport blood away or towards the heart? | Towards the Heart |
| What are the 2 major components of the cardiovascular system? | Heart and Blood Vessels |
| What is the pulmonary circuit | Carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs, drops off carbon dioxide, picks up oxygen, flows back to the heart |
| What is the systemic circuit | Transports oxygen-rich blood and nutrients to body cells, removes wastes from cells, flows back to heart |
| What is the Pericardium? | Covering over hear and proximal ends of large blood vessels |
| What is the fibrous pericardium? | Tough outer layer that surrounds double-layered serous membranes |
| What is the visceral pericardium? | Inner layer of serous membrane; attached to surface of heart |
| What is the Pericardial Cavity? | Space between visceral and parietal layers of serous pericardium |
| Define Epicardium | Outer layer, Thin layer, reduces friction |
| Define myocardium | Middle layer, thickest layer, composed of cardiac muscle tissue |
| Define endocardium | Inner Layer, Thin layer, forms of the inner lining of all heart chambers |
| What is the function of the atria? | Thin-walled upper chambers; receive blood returning to heart |
| What is the function of the auricles? | Flap-like projections from atria, which allow atrial expansion |
| What is the function of the right ventricles? | Receives blood from the right atrium; pumps blood to the lungs |
| What is the function of the left atrium? | Receives blood from the pulmonary veins; Pumps blood to a left ventricle |
| What is the function of the left ventricle? | Receives blood from the left atrium; pumps blood to a systematic circuit |
| What is the function of the right atrium? | Receives blood returning from the systematic circuit (From the superior and inferior vena cavae and coronary sinus); Pumps blood to the right ventricle. |
| What is the name of the structure that separates the right and left atria? | Interatrial septum |
| What is the name of the structure that separates the right and left ventricles | Interventricular septum |
| Which blood vessels return blood to the right atrium | |
| What is the function of the chordae tendineae | fibrous strings that attach cusps of tricuspid and mitral valves to papillary muscles in wall of heart |
| What is the function of the papillary muscles | |
| What is the name of the arteries that supply blood to the tissue of the heart? | |
| Define Systole | Contraction of a heart chamber |
| Define diastole | Relaxation of a heart chamber |
| What are the events of the cardiac cycle? | Atria contract while ventricle relax; Then ventricles contact while atria relax; Then both chambers relax briefly |
| What is functional syncytium? | Mass of merging cells that function as a unit: 2 such masses exist in the heart |
| What is intercalated discs? | Between cells contain desmosomes for structural support, and gap junctions to spread action potentials through a network of cells |
| What are the components of the cardiac conduction system | SA (Sinoatrial) Node, Internodal Atrial Muscle, Junctional Fibers, AV (Atrioventricular) Node, AV (Atrioventricular) Bundle, Left and Right Bundle Branches, Purkinje Fibers |
| Which part of the cardiac conduction system is often called the pacemaker of the heart | SA (Sinoatrial) Node |
| What is an Electrocardiogram (ECG,EKG) | Recording of electrical changes that occur in the myocardium during the cardiac cycle |
| What is the lubb sound? | The first heart sound, occurs during ventricular systole, associated with closing of the AV Valves |
| What is the Dupp sound | The second heart sound, occurs during ventricular diastole, associated with closing of the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves |
| What are ventricles? | Thick-walled lower chambers; pimp blood into arteries |
| What are the 4 valves in the heart? | Tricuspid valve, Pulmonary semilunar valve, mitral (bicuspid) valve, Aortic semilunar valve |
| What is the tricuspid valve located ? | Separates the right atrium from right ventricle |
| What is the Pulmonary semilunar valve located? | Separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary trunk |
| What is the Mitral (Bicuspid Valve) aka Left atrioventricular valve located? | Separates left atrium from the left ventricle |
| What is the Aortic semilunar valve located? | Separates left ventricle from the aorta |
| What is the size and location of the Heart | Around the size of a fist, varies with body size, averages 14 cm long 9 cm wide, Located in the thoracic cavity in the mediastinum, behind the sternum above the diaphragm and near the lungs |
Created by:
Luke.fritzinger