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Cell Stuff
Requirements for Life, Cell Parts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the four requirements for something to be considered "alive"? | growth, reproduction, metabolism, responsiveness, made of one or more cells |
| What is needed for a cell to be considered a cell? | plasma membrane and cytoplasm |
| What are the four macromolecules? | lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins |
| What's the purpose of a lipid? | energy storage and cell membranes |
| What's the purpose of a carbohydrate? | energy source |
| What's the purpose of a nucleic acid? | genetic material |
| What's the genetic material used for? | build proteins |
| What's the purpose of a protein? | builds parts of a cell for daily activities |
| What is a cell membrane made of? | a phospholipid bilayer |
| What's the purpose of a cell membrane? | protect the inside of the cell and its chemistry |
| What is a monosaccharide? | one sugar molecule |
| What is a disaccharide? | a two-sugar molecule |
| What's a polysaccharide? | a chain of sugar molecules |
| What do you call a PLANT polysaccharide that is used for energy storage? | starch |
| What do you call an ANIMAL polysaccharide that is used for energy storage? | glycogen |
| What do you call a polysaccharide that is not easily metabolized and is for storage? | cellulose |
| Why would a cell want a cell wall? | added protection against physical forces |
| Why would a cell want a secondary membrane? | added protection against chemical forces |
| What is a bacterial cell envelope? | the surface of the bacterial cell |
| What is included in the bacterial cell envelope? | plasma membrane, cell wall, and any secondary membranes |
| What is a bacterial cell wall made of? | peptidoglycan |
| What is peptidoglycan? | a macromolecule made sugars and proteins |
| What is a coccus? | a spherical bacteria |
| What is a spirilla? | a spiral-shaped bacteria |
| What is a bacilla? | a rod-shaped bacteria |
| What is a vibrio? | a curved rod-shaped bacteria |
| What is a strepto- bacteria? | a strand of bacteria |
| What is a staphylo- bacteria? | a cluster of bacteria |
| What does a ribosome do? | takes genetic information to make proteins |
| Where would a ribosome be located? | in the cytoplasm or on the rough ER |
| What does the rough endoplasmic reticulum do? | houses the ribosomes and processes its proteins |
| What is the smooth ER used for? | lipid metabolism, detoxification |
| What is the golgi apparatus? | the "post office" that processes and ships things to their destination |
| What is a lysosome? | a digestive compartment that acts as the cell's immune system |
| What is a mitochondria used for? | energy metabolism |
| What do the mitochondria and chloroplast have that other organelles do not? | their own DNA and ribosomes |
| What is a chloroplast used for? | photosynthesis |
| What is a cilia? | short hair-like projection |
| What is a flagella? | long tail-like projection |
| What does a cytoskeleton do? | gives the cell shape and movement for the cell and the molecules within the cell |
| What are "true organelles?" | membrane-bound organelles |
| What are examples of true organelles? | nucleus, ERs, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts |
Created by:
geasmith