Scientific Investigation

Investigating and brainstorming for new ideas for experiments.

The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.

Using the senses and/or instruments to pay attention to an object or phenomenon in order to gather data about it.

Conclusion from facts and reasoning.

A tentative explanation for a fact or observation that can be tested.

A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.

The factor in a scientific experiment that is intentionally manipulated, changed, or controlled by the researcher to test its effects on a dependent variable.

The outcome or effect that is measured in an experiment, which changes in response to manipulations of the independent variable.

Any factor kept constant (unchanged) during an experiment to ensure that only the independent variable affects the outcome.

Control refers to a standard for comparison in an experiment, either a control group (not exposed to the variable) or control variables (kept constant) to isolate the effect of the independent variable.

Systematically collected, empirical, and recorded observations or facts—such as measurements, numbers, or descriptions—that serve as the foundational evidence for analysis, reasoning, and validation of scientific hypotheses.

The final step of an investigation that summarizes experimental results, interprets data, and determines whether the initial hypothesis was supported or refuted.

To systematically break down complex data, substances, or processes into smaller parts to inspect, evaluate, and understand their structure, function, or relationships.

Systematic, non-random deviation from the truth in research, arising from flaws in study design, data collection, analysis, or interpretation.

The long-term, underlying direction or tendency of a variable to move upward, downward, or remain flat over time, often identified by separating signal from "noisy" data.

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Scientific Invest.

Term	Definition
Scientific Investigation	Investigating and brainstorming for new ideas for experiments.
Research	The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.
Observation	Using the senses and/or instruments to pay attention to an object or phenomenon in order to gather data about it.
Inference	Conclusion from facts and reasoning.
Hypothesis	A tentative explanation for a fact or observation that can be tested.
Experiment	A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
Independent Variable	The factor in a scientific experiment that is intentionally manipulated, changed, or controlled by the researcher to test its effects on a dependent variable.
Dependent Variable	The outcome or effect that is measured in an experiment, which changes in response to manipulations of the independent variable.
Controlled Variable	Any factor kept constant (unchanged) during an experiment to ensure that only the independent variable affects the outcome.
Control	Control refers to a standard for comparison in an experiment, either a control group (not exposed to the variable) or control variables (kept constant) to isolate the effect of the independent variable.
Data	Systematically collected, empirical, and recorded observations or facts—such as measurements, numbers, or descriptions—that serve as the foundational evidence for analysis, reasoning, and validation of scientific hypotheses.
Conclusion	The final step of an investigation that summarizes experimental results, interprets data, and determines whether the initial hypothesis was supported or refuted.
Analyze	To systematically break down complex data, substances, or processes into smaller parts to inspect, evaluate, and understand their structure, function, or relationships.
Scientific Bias	Systematic, non-random deviation from the truth in research, arising from flaws in study design, data collection, analysis, or interpretation.
Data Trends	The long-term, underlying direction or tendency of a variable to move upward, downward, or remain flat over time, often identified by separating signal from "noisy" data.

Created by: user-2020372

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