click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Psych 2B - Psychobio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| key stages of brain development | Neural induction Proliferation Migration Differentiation Synaptogenesis Cell death/stabilisation Synaptic rearrangement |
| Neural induction | dy 18-24 foundation of CNS, tissue folds on self and bcomes tube (4th embryonic zone) neural patterning (regions of tube acq diff functs) |
| Proliferation | dy 24-125 250k cells/min dy125 = fetus has all cells (stem cells, laid out in ventricular zone inside tube, single layer of cells) |
| Migration | cells migrate from bottom lvl to top lvl -> final destinations radial glial cells = scaffolcing to help othr cells migrate |
| Differentiation | dy 125 post natal cells differen into what will become (hippocampus, cerebellum) express partic genes to make proteins needed to acq distinctive feat (diffs in connectivity, neurotransmitter receptivity |
| synaptogenesis | neurons grow more axons and dendrites, + synapses massive scale most in 3rd trimest, cont until 2nd yr of life |
| cell death/stabilisation | biological pruning, brain starts w more (prolif, synaptogenesis) than needed |
| synaptic rearrangement | early = acons read out widely form diffuse pattern adjust = active synapses strengthened, not used = weak, more focused pattern of synaptic contact |
| first 2 yrs | - x2 brain vol in yr 1, 80% of adult size at ag 2 - yr 2 = basic struct and funct in place - after yr 2 = reorg and fine tuning major circuits |
| childhood | rapid growth of cortical grey matter in first 2 yrs, stabilises after slower growth of cortical white matter throughout childhood and ado, tho exponential |
| adolescence | higher ratio of white to grey matter increase of myelination (100x faster flow of info) decrease synaptic connections at dendrites (grey matter), connections refined for mature patterns to form, forst occ + par, then fro + temp lobes |