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Evolution Evidence
Evidences of Evolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Common Ancestor | Most recent ancestral species from which two different species evolved |
| Phylogenetic tree and Cladogram | Illustrate the ancestral relationship between different organisms/ species |
| Homology | Characteristic shared by two species (or other taxa) that is similar because of common ancestry such as anatomical similarities OR molecular similarities OR developmental similarities |
| Anatomical Homology/Homologous structure | Anatomical structures that are structurally the same but may perform a different function in biological species and evolved from the same structure in some ancestor species |
| Molecular Homology | Similarities in genes, RNA, or amino acid sequences between different biological species |
| Developmental Homology/Embryology | Similarities in embryo development between different biological species |
| Vestigial structure | A structure in an organism that is reduced in size and no longer serves a purpose but may have been important in the organism’s ancestor |
| Analogous structure | Structures that are that are structurally different but perform the same function between two species that are not closely related ex: wings of birds and butterflies |
| Biogeography | The study of the distribution of organisms in geographic areas |
| Fossil record | The accumulation of fossils and related geological data that give us clues about the past and its taxonomic history |
| Extinct | No living members of that species exists |
| Gradualism | The theory that species evolve slowly, consistently, and incrementally through the accumulation of small, minor changes over vast periods of time, rather than in sudden leaps |
| Punctuated Equilibrium | An evolutionary theory proposing that species experience long periods of stability (stasis) interrupted by short, rapid bursts of significant change and speciation |
| Stasis | A period of little or no evolutionary change in a species or population, where they remain morphologically stable for long, geologically significant periods. |
| Evolution | the change in the heritable characteristics, or genetic makeup, of biological populations over successive generations |
Created by:
ldixon15