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Unit 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Agribusiness | Agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually by large corporations. |
| Aquaculture | The name given to the farming and raising of fish and marine life. |
| Bid-Rent theory | A theory that explains how the price and demand for real estate changes depending on the distance from the Central Business District. |
| Carrying capacity | The maximum number of people a particular area can support. |
| Clustered | A rural settlement pattern in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each other and surrounded by fields. |
| Columbian Exchange | The interchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world starting in the late 1400s. |
| Desertification | The process by which previously fertile land becomes arid. |
| Dispersed | A rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms. |
| Extensive Farming | Agriculture that uses fewer inputs of capital and labor relative to the amount of space being used. |
| Fair Trade | Farming where producers are paid a reasonable price for their products. |
| Ranching | The commercial grazing of animals confined to a specific area. |
| Slash and Burn | Cultivation in which forests are burnt and cleared for planting. |
| Township and Range | A rectangular land division scheme designed to disperse settlers evenly across farmlands of the U.S. interior. |
| Fertile Crescent | A region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the Middle East that was known for its bountiful arable land. |
| Food Desert | Areas with little or no access to healthy and affordable food. |
| GMO | An organism whose genetic structure has been altered to make it more useful and efficient for human purposes. |
| Intensive Farming | Agriculture that involves greater inputs of capital and paid labor relative to the space being used. |
| Irrigation | To water crops by bringing in water using man-made means. |
| Linear | A rural settlement pattern in which buildings are clustered along a road or river. |
| Long lot | A distinct regional approach to surveying land in Quebec, Louisiana and Texas where land is divided into tall narrow parcels. |
| Market Gardening | Growing fruits and vegetables, primarily for canning and freezing. |
| Metes and Bounds | The land survey system that uses physical features of local geography along with directions and distances to define land boundaries. |
| Mixed crop livestock | A type of farming using an integrated system where the crops grown are used to feed the livestock on the same farm. |
| Pastoral Nomadism | A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding animals. |