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Tissues
A&P Practical 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Simple Squamous Epithelium | Found in walls of Alveoli. Allows movement of materials (diffusion, osmosis, filtration) because of it's thinness. |
| Simple Cuboidal Epithelium | Found in outer surface of ovary. Often associated with absorption, secretion, or excretion of waste matter. Parts to know: nucleus of a cell. |
| Simple Columnar Epithelium | Found on the villi of the small intestines. Associated with absorption and secretion. Parts to know: Goblet cell. |
| Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium | Found on the false vocal cord of the Larynx. This appears to be stratified because the nuclei of the epithelial cells are at different levels. Protection, secretion, and movement. Protects the vocal cords and keeps them moist. Parts to know: cilia. |
| Stratified Squamous Epithelium | This has multiple layers of cells, becoming flattened out as they move from the basal layer to the apical layer. This provides protection from abrasion and is keratinized on the external surface of the body. This can be found as skin covering the body. |
| basal layer | bottom |
| apical layer | surface |
| Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium | Can be found in the large and small ducts of the esophagus. Stacked cuboidal cells. Stratified cuboidal epithelium primarily functions in protection, secretion, and limited absorption, often found in glandular tissues such as sweat and salivary glands. |
| Transitional Epithelium | Found in the urinary tract, specifically the bladder. Small cells stacked that get larger into umbrella cells on the surface. Stretch when bladder is full. it acts as a permeability barrier and allows for volume control by accommodating stretching |
| 4 types of major tissues | Epithelial, muscle, connective, and nervous. |
| simple | one layer of cells |
| stratified | two or more layers of cells |
| squamous | flat like a pancake, allows materials through |
| pseudostratified | Looks like its stratified because nuclei are at different levels. Goblet cells may look odd. |
| Basement membrane | Separates underlying tissues from epithelial tissue, structurally supports epithelium. |
| Lumen | Cavity in a tubular structure where fluid or air would go. |
| matrix (connective tissue) | Protein fibers and ground substance. The space of tissue around fibers and cells in connective tissue. |
| mesenchyme | loosely organized connective tissue, largely matrix, gelatinous, able to morph and move. common stem cell origin. |
| muscle fiber is another name for: | muscle cell |
| Areolar connective tissue | Found in the mesentery. Binds organs and tissues together. Structural integrity, nourishment of nutrients and O2, and removal of waste through diffusion. Fibers make it flexible. Parts to know: elastic fiber(smaller), collagen fiber(larger). |
| adipose connective tissue | Found in Lymph nodes. Communicates through hormone signals with rest of the body and central nervous system to regulate metabolism. Parts to know: adipocyte. |
| reticular connective tissue | Found in lymphoid organs, lymph nodes. Structural support for soft organs, anchoring cells, maintaining support during stress. Look for branches. Parts to know: reticular fibers. |
| Dense Regular connective tissue | Found in tendons and ligaments. Look for flag looking waviness. Provides tensile strength to tissues. Parts to know: collagen fibers (main part) and fibroblast nucleus (long and squished flat nuclei. |
| Dense Irregular connective tissue | Found in dermis of skin. Looks like what you would expect from uncooked steak. Tensile strength and elasticity to skin. Parts to know: collagen fibers. |
| Hyaline Cartilage connective tissue | Found in trachea. Structurally support the respiratory system. Self-lubricating shock absorber of the surfaces of synovial joints. Parts to know: Chondrocyte in a lacuna. matrix WITHOUT visible fibers |
| Elastic Cartilage Connective Tissue | Found in outer ear. Provides flexible support. Parts to know: chondrocyte in a lacuna. Matrix with elastic fibers. looks like hyaline but with visible fibers. |
| Fibrocartilage connective tissue | Found in intervertebral discs.Mixture of dense regular and hyaline cartilage. Structural, absorbs impacts to musculoskeletal system. Least flexible, most rigid connective tissue. Parts to know: chondrocyte in a lacuna. Matrix with parallel collagen fibers |
| Compact bone, connective tissues | Found in skeletal bone. Provides structure for movement with skeletal muscles. Stores calcium and phosphate. Parts to know: Osteocyte in a lacuna. Bone matrix. Looks like cut down tree. Osteocyte in a lacuna looks flat and long in the tree rings. |
| Spongy bone, connective tissues | Found in vertebra. Red bone marrow nearby, erythrocyte production. (hematopoieses) Porous structure that reduces weight while maintaining strength. Parts to know: osteocyte in a lacuna, bone matrix, and red bone marrow. |
| Blood, connective tissues. | Found in vascular system of body, heart, veins, etc. Parts to know: thrombocyte, (tiny) erythrocyte, (red ball) plasma, (liquid matrix in this case, the space in-between cells) and leukocyte. (big with worm thing inside) |
| Skeletal Muscle Tissue | Found in skeletal muscle. Contracts to cause movement with the skeletal system. Parts to know: muscle fiber(cell) with striations. Nucleus. |
| Cardiac Muscle Tissue | Found in the heart wall. Contracts to pump blood through body. Parts to know: Intercalated discs between cells. Nucleus. |
| Smooth Muscle Tissue | Found in the small intestine. Contracts to move and mix food in the intestines. Parts to know: muscle fiber (cell) without striations, and nucleus. The nuclei look like rat turds, not flat like dense regular tissue. |
| Multipolar Neuron Nervous Tissue | Found in the brain. Involved with higher cognitive functions, like memory, decision making, muscle control. Receives sensory inputs and sends them to the brain. Parts to know: cell body or soma of neuron, cell process of neuron. Neuroglia- glue in-between |
Created by:
JoshuaB5