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PBS 2.1.3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Otoscope | Instrument used to examine the ear canal and tympanic membrane. |
| Ear Canal | Tube that carries sound waves to the eardrum. |
| Tympanic Membrane | Eardrum; vibrates when sound waves hit it. |
| Ossicles | Three small bones that amplify sound in the middle ear. |
| Eustachian Tube | Equalizes air pressure between the middle ear and throat. |
| Cochlea | Inner ear structure that converts sound vibrations into nerve signals. |
| Semicircular Canals | Structures responsible for balance. |
| Acute Otitis Media | Infection of the middle ear. |
| Ophthalmoscope | Instrument used to examine the inside of the eye. |
| Visual Acuity | Sharpness or clarity of vision. |
| Conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the conjunctiva; also called pink eye. |
| Redness | Increased blood flow to an injured area. |
| Swelling | Buildup of fluid in tissues due to injury or infection. |
| Heat | Warmth caused by increased blood flow. |
| Pain | Discomfort caused by tissue damage or inflammation. |
| Tonsils | Lymphatic tissues that help fight infection. |
| Uvula | Small structure that prevents food from entering the nasal cavity. |
| Pharynx | Throat; passageway for air and food. |
| Tongue | Muscle that aids in speech, taste, and swallowing. |
| Asymmetry | One half of a mole does not match the other. |
| Border | Uneven, irregular, or blurred edges of a mole. |
| Color | Variation of color within a mole. |
| Diameter | Mole larger than about 6 mm (pencil eraser). |
| Evolving | Change in size, shape, or color of a mole. |
| Malignant | Cancerous and capable of spreading. |
| Melanoma | Most dangerous type of skin cancer. |
| Benign | Non-cancerous and does not spread. |
| Auscultation | Listening to internal body sounds using a stethoscope. |
| Intercostal Space | Space between the ribs used for auscultation. |
| Lub-Dub | Normal sounds of the heartbeat. |
| S1 & S2 Sounds | Heart sounds produced by the closing of valves. |
| Murmur | Abnormal heart sound caused by turbulent blood flow. |
| Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) | Early heartbeat originating in the ventricles. |
| Aortic Valve | Valve between the left ventricle and aorta. |
| Pulmonic Valve | Valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery. |
| Tricuspid Valve | Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle. |
| Mitral Valve | Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle. |
| Aorta | Largest artery carrying oxygenated blood from the heart. |
| Atria | Upper chambers of the heart that receive blood. |
| Ventricles | Lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out. |
| Wheezing | High-pitched sound caused by narrowed airways. |
| Crackles (Rales) | Popping sounds caused by fluid in the lungs. |
| Rhonchi | Low-pitched gurgling sounds caused by mucus in airways. |
| Stridor | High-pitched sound during inhalation due to airway obstruction. |
| Trachea | Windpipe that carries air to the lungs. |
| Larynx | Voice box responsible for sound and air passage. |
| Lungs | Organs responsible for gas exchange. |
| Bronchus / Bronchi | Main airways leading into the lungs. |
| Bronchioles | Smaller branches of the bronchi. |
| Alveoli | Tiny air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs. |
| Pleura | Protective membrane surrounding the lungs. |
| Diaphragm | Primary muscle used for breathing. |
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