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PBS 2.1.3 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Otoscope | Instrument used to look inside the ear |
| Structures of the Ear | Outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear |
| Ear Canal | Passage that carries sound to the eardrum |
| Tympanic Membrane | Eardrum; vibrates when sound hits it |
| Ossicles | Three tiny bones (malleus, incus, stapes) that amplify sound |
| Eustachian Tube | Tube that equalizes pressure between middle ear and throat |
| Cochlea | Snail-shaped structure that converts sound vibrations into nerve signals |
| Semicircular Canals | Structures that help control balance |
| Acute Otitis Media | Infection of the middle ear |
| Ophthalmoscope | Instrument used to examine the inside of the eye |
| Visual Accuity | Sharpness or clarity of vision |
| Conjunctivitis | Inflammation/infection of the conjunctiva (pink eye) |
| 4 Signs of Inflammation | Redness, swelling, heat, pain |
| Redness | Increased blood flow to an area |
| Swelling | Fluid buildup in tissues |
| Heat | Increased warmth at site of inflammation |
| Pain | Discomfort caused by tissue damage |
| Structures of the Oral Cavity | Lips, teeth, tongue, gums, hard and soft palate |
| Tonsils | Lymph tissue that helps fight infection |
| Uvula | Small hanging structure at back of throat |
| Pharynx | Throat; passage for air and food |
| Tongue | Muscle used for taste, speech, and swallowing |
| Skin Cancer Screening (Mole Checks) | Examining skin for abnormal moles |
| Asymmetry | One half unlike the other |
| Boarder | Edge of a mole |
| Color | Shade or variation in pigmentation |
| Diameter | Size of a mole (greater than 6 mm is concerning) |
| Evolving | Changing in size, shape, or color |
| Malignant | Cancerous |
| Melanoma | Dangerous form of skin cancer |
| Benign | Non-cancerous |
| Auscultation | Listening to body sounds with a stethoscope |
| Intercostal Space | Space between ribs |
| Lub-Dub | Normal heart sounds |
| S1 & S2 sounds | Closure of heart valves producing heartbeats |
| Murmur | Abnormal heart sound from turbulent blood flow |
| Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) | Extra heartbeat starting in ventricles |
| Structures of the Heart | Atria, ventricles, and valves |
| Aortic Valve | Valve between left ventricle and aorta |
| Pulmonic Valve | Valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery |
| Tricuspid Valve | Valve between right atrium and right ventricle |
| Mitral Valve | Valve between left atrium and left ventricle |
| Aorta / Atria | Main artery / upper chambers of heart |
| Ventricle(s) | Lower chambers that pump blood |
| Abnormal Lung Sounds | Sounds that indicate breathing problems |
| Wheezing | High-pitched sound from narrowed airways |
| Crackles (Rales) | Popping sounds from fluid in lungs |
| Rhonchi | Low-pitched rattling from mucus in airways |
| Stridor | Harsh sound from upper airway obstruction |
| Structures of the Respiratory System | Nose, trachea, bronchi, lungs, diaphragm |
| Trachea | Windpipe |
| Larynx | Voice box |
| Lungs | Organs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| Bronchus / Bronchi | Large air passages to lungs |
| Bronchioles | Smaller branches of bronchi |
| Alveoli | Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs |
| Pleura | Membrane covering lungs |
| Diaphragm | Muscle that helps with breathing |
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