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Ancient China
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe north China plains | - flate fertile land - good for grazing animals |
| why are the North China plains called "land of the yellow earth"? | Less from the Gobi dessert makes the land fertile when the Huang He river floods. |
| why is the Huang he river yellow? | Loess from the Gobi dessert gets blown into the river. |
| what are the challanges of the Huang he river? | -unexpected flooding - the climate in the winter |
| what is one benefit living in the Chang jian river valley? | not a lot of fertile land for growing crops. |
| how did they create fertile land in the Chang jian river valley? | buil terraces |
| why is the tibetan plateau called roof of the worlds? | it is 2 | 1/2 miles above sea level which makes climate very cold. |
| why is there no fertile land in the tibetan plateau? | - cold, dry hard to grow crops -made trade and travel difficult |
| what is the tallest mountain peak in the Himalayas? | Mount Everest |
| what is one benefit of the himalayas? | Natural protection |
| what does taklamakan mean? | once you go in, you will not come out |
| how is the Gobi dessert different from the taklamakan dessert? | The Gobi is made of small pebbles which are called loess (silt) which creates fertile land. |
| How is the Gobi Desert connected to the Huang He/North China Plains? | Loess from the Gobi Desert covers the ground. |
| What is the mandate of heaven? | The right to rule given by the heavens |
| According to the Mandate of heaven, what did the Chinese owe to their leader? | complete loyalty and obedience |
| How do we know the Shang dynasty existed and was more than a myth? | archeologists uncovered the ruins of Anyang in the Huang He River Valley which revealed many artifacts that supported the existence of the Shang dynasty |
| How does bronze relate to the Shang Dynasty? | 1st to discover bronze, which was made from mixing copper and tin to produce weapons. |
| What was the purpose of oracle bones? | Used to communicate with ancestors since they believed they had the power to help or harm them |
| the power to help or harm them What led to the downfall of the Shang Dynasty? List three reasons. | -Fighting so many wars weakened the military and the Shang power. - Also the kings and nobles spent too much money on palaces, clothing and tombs. -Kings spent more time hunting rather than ruling the dynasty. |
| Define feudalism | A give and take relationship between the social classes that created law and order. |
| What did the Nobles provide to the King? | Loyalty and military service |
| What did the King provide to the Nobles? | States/districts/land |
| What did the Nobles provide for the Peasants? | Protection |
| What did the Peasants provide to the Nobles? | Goods/crops |
| Why was feudalism created during the Zhou dynasty? | increased the stability of their rule |
| What led to the downfall of the Zhou dynasty? | -Nobles fought the king for power of the dynasty. -Nobles fighting wars against each other that weakened the dynasty. |
| What question did the Chinese ask at the end of the Zhou Dynasty? | What is the best way for rulers/leaders to govern? |
| Why did the Chinese develop Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism? | They needed to find a way to govern that would be effective and answer their question of the best way to govern. |
| Describe the basic idea of Confucianism and how rulers should rule under this philosophy. | -Basic ideas: honest, fair, goodness -Rulers should: be fair and honest to create a peaceful society |
| Describe the basic idea of Daoism and how rulers should rule under this philosophy. | -Basic ideas: simple, natural lifestyle -Rulers should: be simple and peaceful |
| Describe the basic idea of Legalism and how rulers should rule under this philosophy. | -Basic ideas: harsh, strict laws -Rulers should: enforce laws with rewards for good behavior and harsh punishments for bad behavior |
| Which philosophy did the leader of the Qin dynasty (Shi Huang Di) follow? Why? | Which philosophy did the leader of the Qin dynasty (Shi Huang Di) follow? Why? |
| What did Emperor Qin standardize and why was it important? | Money, weights and measures which made everything fair and equal |
| Why did they build the Great Wall of China? | For protection from invaders from the north. |
| Who opposed Emperor Qin’s rule of the dynasty and why? | The Confucian Scholars because he believed in legalism and it was the complete opposite of Confucianism. |
| Why did Emperor Qin’s order the execution of 460 Confucian scholars and the burning of the books? | He was afraid that they would feel Confucianism is a better way to rule and they would challenge his authority. He burned the books because he didn't want people to learn about Confucianism and wanted to rebel against legalism |
| What is the purpose of the chain pump? | Transport water from river to fields to irrigate crops |
| What is the purpose of the seismograph? | Detects earthquakes |
| What is the purpose of the kite? | sent messages and scared enemies away |
| Why is silk valuable? | only the Chinese knew how to produce it |
| Which Chinese philosophy was the best way to rule China during the Han Dynasty? | Confucianism |
| What is the purpose of the civil servant exam | Test that allowed people to get a government job if it was passed (Social Mobility) |
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