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Ancient China
STUDYYYYYYYYYYYYYY! the test in on thursday
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the North China Plains | Flat, fertile land. Good for grazing animals |
| Why are the North China Plains called "The lad of the yellow Earth" | The loess from the Gobi Desert makes the land fertile when the Huang He floods |
| Why is the Huang He River yellow | The loess from the Gobi Desert gets blown into the river |
| What are the challenges of the Huang He River | Unexpected flooding. The climate is very cold in the winter |
| What is the one benefit of living in the Chang Jiang River Valley | Warm, wet, humid climate good for growing rice year round |
| What is one challenge of living in the Chang Jiang River Valley | Not a lot of of fertile land for growing crops |
| How did they create fertile land in the Chang Jiang River Valley | Built terraces |
| Why is the Tibetan Platau called "The roof of the world" | It is 2 and a half miles above sea level which makes the climate very cold |
| Why is there no fertile land in the Tibetan Platau | Cold and dry, which makes it hard to grow crops. It made trade and travel difficult |
| What is the tallest mountain peak the the Hamalayas | Mount Everest |
| What is one benefit of the Hamalayas | Natural protection |
| What does Taklamakan mean | "Once you go in, you will not come out." |
| How did the Taklamakan get its name | Sudden sand storms |
| How is the Gobi desert different from the Taklamakan | The Gobi is made of small pebbles which are called loess (silt) which creates fertile land |
| How is the Gobi Desert connected the Huang He / North China Plains | Loess from the Gobi Desert covers the ground |
| What is the mandate of heaven | The right to rule given by the heavens |
| According to the Mandate of Heaven, what did the Chinese owe to their leader | Complete loyalty and obedience |
| How do we know the Shang Dynasty existed and was more than a myth | Archeologists uncovered the ruins of Anyang in the Huang He River Valley which revealed many artifacts that supported the existence of the Shang dynasty |
| How does bronza relate to the Shang dynasty | They were the 1st to discover bronze, which was made from mixing copper and tin to produce weapons |
| What was the purpose of Oracle bones | Used to communicate with ancestors wince they believed they had the power to help of harm them |
| What was the 1st reason that led to the downfall of the Shang dynasty | Fighting so many wars weakened the military and the Shang power |
| What was the 2nd reason that led to the downfall of the Shang dynasty | The Kings and Nobles spent too much money on palaces, clothing and tombs |
| What was the 3rd reason that led to the downfall of the Shang dynasty | Kings spent more time hunting rather than ruling the dynasty |
| Label the feudalism social classes from top to bottom | 1) Kings 2) Nobles 3) Peasants |
| Define Feudalism | A give and take relationship between the social classes that created law and order |
| What did the Nobles provide to the King | Loyalty and military service |
| What did the King provide to the Nobles | States / Districrts / Land |
| What did the Nobles provide for the Peasants | Protection |
| What did the Peasants provide for the Nobles | Goods / crops |
| Why was Feudalism created during the Zhou dynasty | Increased the stability of their rule |
| What was 1st reason that lead to the downfall of the Zhou dynasty | Nobles fought the King for power of the dynasty |
| Was was the 2nd reason that led to the downfall of the Zhou dynasty | Nobles fighting wars against each other that weakend the dynasty |
| What question did the Chinese ask at the end of the Zhou dynasty | What is the best way for rulers / leaders to govern |
| Why did the Chinese develop Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism | They needed to find a way to govern that would be effective and answer their questions of the best way to govern |
| Describe the basic ided of Confucianism and now rulers should rule under this philosophy | Basic ideas; honest, fair, goodness. The rulers should be simple and peaceful |
| Describe the basic idea of Legalism and how rulers should rule under this philosophy | Basic ideas ; harsh, strict laws. The ruler should enforcve laws with rewards forgood behavior and harsh punishments for bad behavior |
| Which philosophy did the leader of the Qin dynasty (Shi Huang Di) follow and why | Emperor Qin Shihunadi ruled using Legalism because it was a fast way to control the people in the civilization |
| What did Emperor Qin standardize and why was it important | Money, weights and measures which made everything fair and equal |
| Why did they build the Great Wall of China | For protection from invaders from the north |
| Who opposed Emperor Qin's rule of the dynasty and why | The Confucian Scholars because he believed in Legalism and it was the complete opposite of confucianism |
| Why did Emperor Qin order the execution of 460 Confucian scholars and the burning of the books | He was afraid that they would feel Confucianism is a better way to rule and they would challenge his authority. He burned the books because he didn't want people to learn about Confucianism and wanted to rebel against Legalism |
| What is the purpose of the chain pump | Transport water from river to fields to irrigate crops |
| What is the purpose of the seismograph | Detects earthquakes |
| What is the purpose of the kite | Sent messages and scared enemies away |
| Why is the silk valuable | Only the Chinese knew how to produce it |
| Which Chinese philosophy was the best way to rule China during the Han dynasty | Confucianism |
| What is the 1st step in the dynastic cycle | Dynasty is founded by a powerful leader |
| What is the 2nd step in the dynastic cycle | Period of great power and prosperity ; restores peace, builds roads,irrigation systems, levees |
| What is 3rd step in the dynastic cycle | Period of decline ; higher taxes, natural disasters |
| What is the last step in the dynastic cycle | Period of rebellion, dynasty overthrown |
| What happened in between the 3rd and the 4th step in the dynastic cycle | The leader loses the Mandate of Heaven |
| What happened in between the 4th and the 1st step in the dynastic cycle | New leader gains the Mandate of Heaven |
| Describe the basic ided of Daoism and how rulers should rule under this Philosophy | Basic ideas; simple, natural life style. the rulers should be simple and peaceful |
| What is the purpose of the civil servant exam | Test that allowed people to get a government job if it was passed (Social Mobility) |
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