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DNA Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Crossing over the exchange of genetic material between 2 homologous chromosomes
Homologous chromosomes chromosomes pair up because they contain the same genes
mitosis process that creates diploid body cells
meiosis process that creates gametes
DNA timeline the history of the discovery of DNA
asexual reproduction mitosis is an example, cells created are identical to parent cell
zygote joining of egg and sperm create this cell
somatic cell body cell
diploid somatic cells contain a full set of chromosomes
haploid sex cells contain a half set of DNA
gametes eggs or sperm/ sex cells, created by meiosis
replication when DNA copies itself after unzipping
chromosome compacted version of the DNA molecule
genes the basic unit of heredity, located on chromosomes
inherited Genes passed down from your ancestors
ribosome a tiny organelle that produces proteins
RNA single strand, used to translate DNA
uracil a part of RNA, replaces thymine
cytosine in DNA it pairs with guanine
thymine in DNA it pairs with adenine
guanine a part of DNA, it pairs with cytosine
adenine in DNA it pairs with thymine
nucleotide a phosphate, a sugar and a base in the DNA strand
rungs the center of the double helix, made of paired bases
double helix the spiral arrangement of the DNA strands
DNA a long molecule of genetic material located in every body cell
Created by: 128231
 

 



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