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Ancient China study
unit 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the North China Plains. | flat ,fertile land. Good for grazing animals |
| Why are the North China Plains called “The Land of the Yellow Earth”? | The loess from the Gobi desert makes the land fertile when the Huang He floods |
| Why are the North China Plains called “The Land of the Yellow Earth”? | The loess from the Gobi gets blown into the river |
| What are the challenges of the Huang He River? | unexpected flooding too cold |
| What is one benefit of living in the Chang Jiang River Valley? | Warm, wet, humid climate good for growing rice year around |
| What is one challenge of living in the Chang Jiang River Valley? | not a lot of fertile land for growing crops |
| How did they create fertile land in the Chang Jiang River Valley? | Built terraces |
| Why is the Tibetan Plateau called "The roof of the world"? | It is 2,5 miles above sea level which makes the climate very cold |
| Why is there no fertile land in the Tibetan plateau?? | cold and dry, hard to grow crops. made trade and travel difficult |
| What is the tallest mountain peak in the Himalayas? | Mount Everest |
| What is one benefit of the Himalayas ? | Natural protction |
| How does the Taklamakan get its name? | sudden sand storms |
| How is the Gobi Desert different from the Taklamakan? | The Gobi Desert is made of small pebbles which are called loess(silt) creats fertile land |
| How is the Gobi Desert connected to the Huang He/ North China Plains? | Loess from the Gobi Desert covers the ground |
| What is the mandate of heaven? | The right to rule given by the heavens |
| According to the Mandate of heaven, what did the Chinese owe to the leader? | Complete loyalty and obedience |
| First step of Dynastic Cycle | Dynasty found by a leader |
| Second step of Dynastic Cycle | Restores peace and builds roads, irragations systems, levees |
| Third step of Dynastic Cycle | Higher taxes and natural disasters |
| Forth step of Dynastic Cycle | Dynasty overthrown |
| How do we know the Shang dynasty existed and was more than a myth? | Archeologists uncovered the ruins of Anyang in the Huang He River Valley is wich revealed many artifacts that supported the existence of the Shang Dynasty |
| How does bronze relate to the Shang Dynasty? | 1st to discover bronze, which was made from mixing copper and tin to produce weapons |
| What was the purpose of Oracle bones? | Used to communicate with ancesors since they believed they had the power to help or harm them |
| What led to the downfall of the Shang Dynasty? three reasons | Fighting so many wars weaken the military and the Shang power. Also the kings and nobles spent too much money on palaces, clothing and tombs. King spent more time on hunting |
| Define feudalism | a give and take relationship between the social classes that create law and order |
| What did the Nobles provide for the king? | loyalty and military services |
| what did the king provide to the Nobles? | states/districts/land |
| What did the Nobles provide for the Peasants? | protection |
| What did the Peasents provide to the Nobles? | Goods/crops |
| Why was feudalism created during the Zhou dynasty? | Increased the stability of their rule |
| What led to the downfall of the Zhou dynasty? | Nobles fought the king for power of the dynasty Nobles fighting wars against each other that weakend the dynasty |
| What question did the Chinese ask at the end of the Zhou Dynasty? | What is the best way for rulers/leaders to govern? |
| Why did the Chinese develop Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism? | They needed to find a way to govern that would be effective answer their question of the best way to govern |
| Describe the basic idea of Confucianism and how rulers should rule under this philosophy | Basic ideas : honest, fair, goodness Rulers should: be fair and honest to create a peaceful society |
| Describe the basic idea of Daoism and how rulers should rule under this philosophy | Basic ideas: simple, natural lifestyle Rulers should: be simple and peacful |
| Describe the basic idea of Legalism and how rulers should rule under this philosophy | Basic idea: harsh, strict laws Rulers should:enforce laws withe rewards for good behavior and harsh punishments for bad behavior |
| Which philosophy did the leader of the Qin Dynasty (Shi Huang Di) follow? Why? | Emperor Qin Shihunagdi ruled using leagalism because it was a fast way to control the people in the civilization |
| What did Emperor Qin standarize and why was it so important? | Money, weights and measures which made everything fair and equal |
| Why did they build the Great wall of China? | For protection from invaders from the north |
| Who opposed Emperor Qins rule of the dynasty and why? | The Confucian scholars because he believed in legalsim and it was the complete opposite of Confucianism |
| Why did Emperor Qin's order execution of 460 Confucian scholard and the burning of books? | He was afraid that the Confucianism will be a better way to rule . He burned the books because he didn't want people to learn it |
| What was the purpose of the chain pump? | Transport water from the rivers to feilds |
| What was the purpose of the Seismograph? | Detects earthquakes |
| What was the purpose of the kite? | Sent messages and scared enemeis away |
| Why was silk so valuable? | Only the Chinese knew hos to make it |
| Which Chinese philosophy was the best way to rule China during the Han Dynasty? | Confucianim |
| What is the purpose of the civil servant exam? | Test that allowed people to get a government jobs if it was passed(social mobility) |
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