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Camber EES 3.2

TermDefinition
Water A chemical compound, essential for life, composed of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom.
Polarity The uneven distribution of charge in a molecule, where the oxygen end is slightly negative and hydrogen ends are slightly positive, allowing water to dissolve many substances.
Cohesion The tendency of water molecules to stick to each other due to hydrogen bonding.
Adhesion The tendency of water molecules to stick to other substances.
Surface Tension A measure of the force necessary to stretch or break the surface of a liquid; caused by the strong cohesion of water molecules at the surface.
Capillary Action The movement of water upward within narrow spaces or porous materials, driven by the combined forces of adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension
Capacity The ability of something to hold or store a substance or energy.
Temperature A measure of how hot or cold something is, based on the average motion of its particles.
Agent Something that causes change or produces an effect.
Climate The long-term average of weather conditions in a region.
Heat Thermal energy that moves from a warmer object to a cooler one.
Convection Heat transfer caused by the movement of fluids (liquids or gases).
Energy transfer – The movement of energy from one place or object to another.
Store – To hold energy or matter for later use.
Absorb To take in energy or a substance.
Transmit – – To pass energy, heat, or matter through a material.
Energy The ability to do work or cause change.
Deep ocean The colder, denser part of the ocean below the surface layers.
Surface water The upper layer of ocean water that is warmed by the Sun and interacts with the atmosphere.
Coriolis effect The apparent deflection of moving air or water caused by Earth’s rotation.
Specific heat The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a substance.
Density The mass of a substance per unit volume.
Salinity The amount of dissolved salt in water.
Current A continuous, directed movement of water.
Thermohaline circulation Global ocean circulation driven by differences in temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline).
Ocean current A large, flowing movement of seawater in a specific direction.
Specific heat capacity The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C.
Latent heat Energy absorbed or released during a phase change without changing temperature.
Evaporation The process where liquid water turns into water vapor.
Condensation The process where water vapor turns into liquid water.
Surface tension The force that makes the surface of a liquid act like a stretched skin.
Energy circulations The continuous movement of energy through Earth systems (atmosphere, ocean, land).
Thermocline – A layer in the ocean were temperature changes rapidly with depth.
Halocline A layer in the ocean where salinity changes rapidly with depth.
Melting The change of a solid into a liquid due to heat gain.
Wave formation The creation of waves, usually caused by wind transferring energy to water.
Heat transfer The movement of heat by conduction, convection, or radiation.
Created by: user-1996983
 

 



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