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AP II Sensory Recept
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Eyeball layers | Fibrous tunic, Vascular tunic, & Neural tunic |
| Fibrous tunic | outermost eyeball layer |
| Fibrous tunic | Sclera & Cornea |
| Sclera | white part of eye |
| Cornea | transparent fibrous CT layer; covers iris & pupil |
| Cornea | allow light inside; regeneration |
| Sclera | continuous w/ dura mater (meninges) of the brain; for shape and protection |
| Vascular tunic | Choroid, Ciliary body, iris, & suspensory ligaments |
| Choroid | highly vascular CT blood supply and just underneath the sclera; allow blood vessels to each eye |
| Ciliary body | a muscular structure that allow to focus light in back of the eye & holds/control lens (allow lens to change shape) |
| Iris | colored part of eye and is between cornea and lens |
| Iris | part of the choroid that extends over the lens; group of muscles that open/close pupil |
| Suspensory ligaments | hold lens in place and in front of ciliary body |
| Suspensory ligaments | allow lens to stretch/pull to focus light on the retina |
| Ciliary body | surrounds the lens |
| Pupil | between 2 sides of the iris; the window for the light |
| Iris & Pupil | light regulation |
| Lens | change shape to allow light to focus on the retina |
| Cataracts | lens opacities (light can't pass in); due to genetics and substances; treatment: surgery replacement |
| Color blindness | missing more than 1 cone color pigments; X-linked (more common in male) |
| Eyebrow | prevent sweat & other particles from eye |
| Eyelid | protect from abrasions |
| Conjunctiva | transparent mucous membrane located of the inner surface of each; connect eyelids to eyeball |
| Lacrimal apparatus | produce tears |
| Superior rectus | move eye up (oculomotor nerve III); move eyes toward the contracting muscle |
| Inferior rectus | move eye down (oculomotor nerve III); move eyes towards the contracting muscle |
| superior oblique | move eye medially and down (trochlear nerve IV) |
| inferior oblique | move eye laterally and up (oculomotor nerve III) |
| lateral rectus | move by abducens nerve VI |
| medial rectus | move by oculomotor nerve III |
| Fovea Centralis | Area of high/ sharp vision; high # of cones |
| Optic disc | Where optic nerve exits the eye; no rods/ cones - |
| Light Pathway | Cornea → aqueous humor→ lens→ vitreous humor →retina neural layer→ pigmented layer; stimulate rods & cones |
| Neural layer | Where light ends |
| Signal pathway (ap) | Rods/cones→ bipolar cells →ganglioncells→optic nerve→ vision center |
| Light Refraction places | entering cornea; entering lens; leaving lens |
| Diolopia “lazyeye" | Doublevision; eyeball don't sync wi one another |
| Myopia (nearsightedness) | Lens focal point: in front of retina; corrected with a concave lens |
| Hyperopia (farsightedness) | Lens S focal point:behindretinajcorrected w/ convex lens |
| Anterior segment | Between lens & cornea; filled wl aqueous humor (regenerates) |
| Anterior chamber | Between cornea and iris |
| Posterior chamber | Between iris and lens |
| Astigmatism | Unequally curvatures in diff parts of cornea/lens;corrected with A cullindrically ground lenses/laser proedures |
| Vision check | Shellen chart |
| Sensory structural classifications | Free Nerve & Encapsulated ending, and specialized receptor cell |
| Free Nerve Ending | w/ dendrites embedded in tissue to sense; ex: root hair plexus |
| Encapsulated Ending | made in CT and in a capsule to enhance sensitivity; ex: tactile corpuscle |
| Specialized receptor cell | made distinctly to interpret a specific type of stimulus; ex: responding to light/chemicals |
| Sensory location classifications | Exteroceptor, Interceptors (visceroceptors), & Proprioceptors |
| Exteroceptor | near a stimulus externally; ex: skin & hearing/light waves |
| Interceptor (visceroceptor) | internal organs & tissues; ex: + in BP, B.S., & O2 |
| Propioceptors | near a moving body part; ex: joints/ muscle |
| # of Sensory functional/stimulus | 6 |
| Mechanoreceptor | detect physical stimuli; ex: pressure, vibration, & touches |
| Thermoreceptor | temp |
| Photoreceptor | Rods & Cones |
| Chemoreceptors | interpret chemical stimuli; ex: taste buds |
| Nociceptors | interprets pain |
| Osmoreceptors | respond to solute concentrations of body fluids; ex: H20 |
| Neural tunic | Retina |
| Neural tunic | contain nervous tissue for photoreception |
| Retina | Pigment & Neural layer |
| Bipolar cells | shuttle the signal/AP from R&C to ganglion cells |
| Ganglion cells | transport AP to optic nerve |
| Fovea centralis | center of retina (contains cones only); sharpness of vision |
| Superior oblique | turns eye medially and down |
| Inferior oblique | turns eye laterally and up |
| Pigmented cells | absorb light |
| Bipolar cells location | nose and eye |
| Photoreceptor | stimulated by light to generate AP |
Created by:
FuirzH