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ME 417 Quiz 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is E? | the ability to do work or cause change |
| what are the types of E? | mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, nuclear, internal |
| 1st law of thermodynamics | E cannot be created or destroyed - only transferred/converted from one form to another |
| what is power? | how fast E is being used/transferred |
| E is the _______ and power is the _________ | amount, rate |
| what are the units of E? | Joules (J) |
| what are the units of power? | Watts (W) |
| 1st law of power | ROC of E of a system equals the heat transfer rate into the system minus the work rate done by the system |
| what is a watt-hour? | a unit of E, NOT power --> amount of E used when 1 watt of power is sustained for one hour |
| the Rankine cycle generates what? | electricity |
| what are the steps of the Rankine cycle? | waters heated --> becomes steam --> steam expands through turbine --> produces power --> steams condensed back to liquid --> liquid pumped back to boiler |
| how is E transferred through the Rankine cycle? | thermal --> mechanical --> electrical |
| what uses the Rankine cycle? | coal & nuclear power plants, and sometimes geothermal plants |
| The Otto and Disel cycle are known as what? | ground transport |
| what are the steps of the Otto cycle? | intake --> combustion --> exhaust --> spark ignition |
| what uses the Otto cycle? | gas cars |
| what are the steps of the Disel cycle? | intake --> compression --> fuel injection/combustion --> exhaust --> compression ignition |
| what uses the Disel cycle? | diesel power engines: trucks, buses |
| how is E transferred through the Otto & Disel cycles? | chemical --> thermal --> mechanical |
| the Brayton cycle is know as what | air transport |
| what are the steps of the Brayton cycle? | air compression --> fuel combustion at approximately constant pressure --> hot gases expand through turbine or nozzle --> exhaust to atmosphere |
| what uses the Brayton cycle? | jet engines, gas turbine aircraft |
| how is E transferred through the Brayton cycle? | chemical --> thermal --> kinetic/mechanical |
| how does combustion work? | combustion is a chemical reaction where fuel reacts with oxygen to release E in the form of heat |
| the released E from combustion produces what? | power in engines heat in boilers electricity in power plant |
| in the power cycle heat goes from ________ to ________. | top to bottom |
| in the power cycle does it perform (take in) or consume (push out) work? | produce (push out) |
| in the refrigeration & heat pump cycles heat goes from __________ to _________. | bottom to top |
| in the refrigeration & heat pump cycles does it consume (take in) or produce work (push out) | consume (take in) |
| in the refrigeration & heat pump cycles, what value do you want to maximize? | heat in (Qin) |
| the power cycle __________ E to perform job | produces |
| the refrigeration & heat pump cycles ___________ E to perform job | consume |
| for refrigeration & heat pump cycles Q arrows go ________ | up |
| for power cycle Q arrows go ________ | down |
| why do solid fuels have lower heat of combustion? | they have to burn more of it |
| what industry greatly contributes to E consumption? | oil industry |
| what is the first law of any cycle? | Q(H)-Q(C)= W(net) |
| nuclear power uses _________ & __________ | fission & fusion |
| what is fission? | the division of elements --> it creates E |
| what is fusion? | jamming elements together & releases E BUT it requires LOTS of energy |
| what element on the periodic table does fusion use? | hydrogen we have a MASSIVE supply |
| what does geothermal E use? | earths stored heat to perform tasks and run turbines |
| what are the different forms of solar power? | solar PV, solar thermal collector, concentrated solar, passive solar |
| ocean E uses hydrokinetic E conversion from: | waves, tide, current |
| what are the three types of biomass E? | thermochemical conversion biochemical conversion extraction |
| what are conversion systems? | fuel cells - hydrogen - methanol - hydrocarbon fuels |
| what are the forms of E storage? | pumped hydro storage, underground thermal, flywheel, batteries, underground gas storage, tanks for steam/chilled water, sensible/latent/noble E systems |
| list all the E systems | nuclear, geothermal, wind, solar, ocean, biomass, fuel cells |
| which fossil fuel generates the least CO2 during combustion? | natural gas |
| which energy systems generate heat? (thermal E) | nuclear, geothermal, solar thermal |
| which energy systems generate electricity? | hydropower, wind, solar photovoltaics (PV) |
| which energy systems generate both heat and electricity? | biomass, nuclear |
| which fossil fuel generates the most CO2 during combustion? | bituminous coal |
| for minimum work you use the ________ COP which is the reversible COP | maximum |
| for a R.C. to be reversible what is the relationship between beta and beta(max)? | beta = beta(max) |
| for a R.C. to be irreversible what is the relationship between beta and beta(max)? | beta < beta(max) |
| for a R.C. to be impossible what is the relationship between beta and beta(max)? | beta > beta(max) |
| for a H.P. the relationship between gamma and gamma max is the same or different to be reversible/irreversible/impossible? | the same |
| for a P.C. the relationship between eta and eta max is the same or different to be reversible/irreversible/impossible? | the same |
Created by:
mccurdyo