A substance that controls the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction.

A 3D-shaped protein that acts as a biological catalyst.

Enzyme chemical nature

All known enzymes are proteins. They are high molecular weight compounds made up principally of chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.

The molecule an enzyme acts on.

The molecule formed by enzyme action.

Each type of enzyme acts only on one substrate or class of substrates due to the unique shape of its active site.

The shape of the active site matches the shape of the substrate it acts on. Substrate(s) are changed into product (s) when they bind to the active site and a biochemical reaction takes place.

Enzymes control most of the metabolic reactions in cells. The action of certain enzymes is reversible, like a key that both opens and closes a lock.

Photosynthesis, protein synthesis and DNA replication are all anabolic reactions. In DNA replication, the anabolic enzyme DNA polymerase joins individual nucleotides together to form a long chain molecule called DNA

Respiration and the chemical digestion of starch and proteins are examples of catabolic reactions. In the chemical digestion of starch, the catabolic enzyme amylase breaks down the polysaccharide starch into the disaccharide maltose.

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Enzymes function

Question	Answer
Catalyst	A substance that controls the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction.
Enzyme	A 3D-shaped protein that acts as a biological catalyst.
Enzyme chemical nature	All known enzymes are proteins. They are high molecular weight compounds made up principally of chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
Substrate	The molecule an enzyme acts on.
Product	The molecule formed by enzyme action.
Specific	Each type of enzyme acts only on one substrate or class of substrates due to the unique shape of its active site.
Active site	The shape of the active site matches the shape of the substrate it acts on. Substrate(s) are changed into product (s) when they bind to the active site and a biochemical reaction takes place.
Metabolic reactions	Enzymes control most of the metabolic reactions in cells. The action of certain enzymes is reversible, like a key that both opens and closes a lock.
Anabolic reactions	Photosynthesis, protein synthesis and DNA replication are all anabolic reactions. In DNA replication, the anabolic enzyme DNA polymerase joins individual nucleotides together to form a long chain molecule called DNA
Catabolic reactions	Respiration and the chemical digestion of starch and proteins are examples of catabolic reactions. In the chemical digestion of starch, the catabolic enzyme amylase breaks down the polysaccharide starch into the disaccharide maltose.

Created by: Ciara kengne

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