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chapter 12
cardiovascular drugs
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Myocardial Infarction (MI): | commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when there is a sudden blockage of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle (myocardium). |
| Hypertension: | Referred to as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition where the force of blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently elevated. |
| heart Failure (HF): | also known as congestive heart failure (CHF), is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively to meet the body’s needs |
| Vasoconstriction: | is the process by which blood vessels narrow due to the contraction of smooth muscle in their walls |
| Vasodilation: | is the process by which blood vessels widen due to the relaxation of smooth muscle in their walls |
| Diuretic: | is a type of medication or substance that promotes the increased production and excretion of urine |
| Dysgeusia: | Altered sense of taste |
| Angina: | is a type of chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle doesn’t receive enough oxygen-rich blood |
| Arrhythmia: | is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal rhythm or rate of the heartbeat |
| Anticoagulants: | are drugs that in some way interfere with coagulation |
| Hemostasis: | is a normal mechanism in the body that is designed to prevent the loss of blood after injury to a blood vessel |
| Angiotensin- | Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) : suffix -Pril |
| Calcium Channel Block Agents: | suffix -dipine |
| B- Adrenergic Blocking Agents (BB): | suffix - olol |
| Statins: | suffix - statins |
| LDL: | Bad Cholesterol |
| HDL: | Good Cholesterol |
| Dyslipidemias – | abnormal amounts of lipids (fats), such as cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood |
| Flushing – | temporary, reddening or warming of the skin. Usually in the face, neck or chest area |
| Pruritus – | medical term for itching |
| Bradycardia | slow heart rate |
| Tachycardia | fast heart rate |
| Prolong QT – | an irregular heart rhythm. Patients that take drugs that prolong the QT interval need periodic ECGs and need to be careful with tachycardia. |
| DIURETICS- loop | furosemide (Lasix) |
| DIURETICS-THIAZIDE | hydrochlorothiazide (aka: HCTZ or the water pill) (Microzide is the international Brand Name) |
| DIURETICS-POTASSIUM-SPARING | spironolactone (Aldactone) |
| Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) | lisinopril (Zestril, Prinivil) |
| Anti-arrhythmia Class I and Class III | quinidine (No Brand Name?) Sodium Channel blocker (SCB – Class I) |
| CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS (CCBs) | verapamil (Calan) |
| CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS (CCBs) | amlodipine (Norvasc |
| CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS (CCBs) | nifedipine (Procardia) |
| Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) | losartan (Cozaar) |
| β-Adrenergic Blocking Agents (BB) | atenolol (Tenormin) – B1-selective |
| β-Adrenergic Blocking Agents (BB) | metoprolol (Lopressor) – B1-Selective |
| β-Adrenergic Blocking Agents (BB) | propanolol (Inderal) - Nonselective |
| β-Adrenergic Blocking Agents (BB) | nadolol (Corgard) - Nonselective |
| Cardiac Glycoside Anti-Arrhythmia | digoxin (Lanoxin) |
| ⍺-Adrenergic Blocking Agents (⍺-1 Blocker) | doxazosin (Cardura) |
| Antianginal Drugs | nitroglycerin (NitroStat, Sublingual) |
| Anticoagulants | warfarin (Coumadin) |
| Anticoagulants | clopidogrel (Plavix) |
| Anticoagulants | apixaban (Eliquis) |
| Antihyperlipidemic Agents | Statins: atorvastatin (Lipitor) |
| Antihyperlipidemic Agents | Statins: simvastatin (Zocor) |
| Antihyperlipidemic Agents | Statins: lovastatin (Mevacor, Altoprev) |
| Antihyperlipidemic Agents | niacin (Niaspan) |
| PDE 5 Inhibitors – Erectile Dysfunction Drugs (ED) | sildenafil (Viagra) |
| PDE 5 Inhibitors – Erectile Dysfunction Drugs (ED) | tadalafil (Cialis) |
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