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x-ray production
and interaction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the penetration depth of electrons during x-ray production? | Electrons penetrate the target approximately 0.2 mm, 0.5 mm, 2 mm, or 5 mm. |
| How are X-rays produced? | X-rays are produced by characteristic interactions and bremsstrahlung interactions. |
| Which particles are located in the nucleus of an atom? | Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of an atom. |
| What charge do protons have? | Protons have a positive charge. |
| What charge do neutrons have? | Neutrons have a neutral charge. |
| What charge do electrons have? | Electrons have a negative charge. |
| When is a characteristic photon created? | A characteristic photon is created when an inner shell electron is dislodged and an outer shell electron drops down to fill the vacancy. |
| What is the process of outer-shell electrons filling inner-shell vacancies called? | This process is called characteristic cascade. |
| What does the energy of a characteristic x-ray photon depend on? | It depends on the binding energy of the inner-shell electron, the energy level of the filament electron, and the shell of the electron that is dropping into the vacancy. |
| What is the energy of the K-characteristic photon produced when a K-shell electron is removed? | The energy of the K-characteristic photon is the difference in binding energy between the K-shell and the M-shell. |
| What material is typically used as the target in x-ray production? | Tungsten is typically used as the target material. |
| Which shell produces the most useful characteristic photons in medical imaging? | Characteristic photons produced from the K-shell are most useful in medical imaging. |
| Which electrons have the greatest binding energy? | Electrons in the K-shell have the greatest binding energy. |
| What minimum kVp is required to remove an orbital electron from the K-shell? | At least 70 kVp must be selected to remove an orbital electron from the K-shell. |
| What percentage of energy during x-ray production is converted to heat? | During x-ray production, 99% is heat and 1% is x-rays. |
| What does 'Bremsstrahlung' mean? | Bremsstrahlung means braking radiation. |
| What happens during the bremsstrahlung interaction? | During the bremsstrahlung interaction, the filament electron is attracted to the nucleus but not absorbed. |
| What does the energy of the brems photon depend on? | The energy of the brems photon depends on the original energy of the filament electron and the strength of the attraction between the electron and the nucleus. |
| What is the average energy of a brems photon? | The average energy of a brems photon is 1/3 of the kVp selected. |
| What typically happens to photons created below 70 kVp? | Photons created below 70 kVp are usually absorbed by filtration. |
| What is a discrete emission spectrum? | A discrete emission spectrum is a graphic representation of characteristic and bremsstrahlung radiation. |
| What is a continuous emission spectrum? | A continuous emission spectrum is a graphic representation of bremsstrahlung radiation. |
| What does the x-ray emission spectrum illustrate? | The x-ray emission spectrum illustrates both characteristic and bremsstrahlung radiation. |
| What does the x-axis represent in emission spectra? | The x-axis represents the energy level of the photons. |
| What does the y-axis represent in emission spectra? | The y-axis represents the number of photons. |
| What is the maximum energy of photons displayed on the continuous emission spectrum at 75 kVp? | The energy can range from just above 0 to 75 keV. |
Created by:
user-2019507
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