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electrostatics,

electrodynamics, and circuits

QuestionAnswer
What is electrostatics? The science of stationary electric charges.
What is electrodynamics? The science of electric charges in motion.
What does electromagnetism describe? How electrons are given electric potential energy (voltage) and how electrons in motion create magnetism.
What is electromagnetic induction? A means of transferring electric potential energy from one position to another, as in a transformer.
What is the primary function of an x-ray imaging system? To convert electric energy into electromagnetic energy.
How is electric energy supplied to x-ray systems? In the form of well-controlled electric current.
What happens to electrical energy in the x-ray tube? Most is transformed into heat, and some into x-rays.
What is the smallest unit of electric charge? The electron.
What is the fundamental unit of electric charge? The coulomb (C).
How many electron charges are in one coulomb? 1 C = 6.3 x 10^18 electron charges.
What is Coulomb's law? Electrostatic force is directly proportional to the product of the electrostatic charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
What is electric potential energy? Stored energy in a system that can do work when released.
What is the unit of electric potential? Volt (V).
What is Ohm's Law? The voltage across a circuit is equal to the current times the resistance (V = IR).
What are the two types of electric current? Direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC).
What is direct current (DC)? Electric current where electrons flow in one direction.
What is alternating current (AC)? Electric current where electrons flow first in one direction and then the opposite direction.
What is a series circuit? A circuit that provides a single pathway for current to flow.
What is a parallel circuit? A circuit with multiple pathways for current to flow.
What is electric power measured in? Watts (W).
What is the formula for electric power? Power (P) = voltage (V) x current (I).
What is superconductivity? The property of some materials to exhibit no resistance below a critical temperature.
What materials are commonly used as semiconductors? Silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge).
What is the effect of temperature on resistance? Resistance decreases as the temperature of the material is reduced.
What is the relationship between electric charge distribution and surface curvature? Electric charge of a conductor is concentrated along the sharpest curvature of the surface.
What is the significance of the Earth in electrostatics? The Earth acts as a huge reservoir for stray electric charges, known as an electric ground.
What is the role of insulators in electric circuits? Insulators confine electron flow to the conductor.
What happens to electric current when resistance increases? Electric current decreases.
What is the significance of voltage in an electric circuit? Electrons at high voltage have high potential energy and capacity to do work.
Created by: user-2019507
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