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Biology 2 - C01 - 06

🧬⚡BIO02 Module 1 — Rapid Recall Set 2 — 06

QuestionAnswer
What is CRISPR-Cas9? A gene-editing tool using guide RNA and Cas9 nuclease.
What is a GMO? An organism whose genome has been altered using genetic engineering.
How is insulin produced using recombinant DNA? Human insulin gene inserted into bacteria; bacteria express insulin.
What is DNA fingerprinting? A technique using STRs to identify individuals.
What is gene therapy? The insertion of functional genes to treat genetic disorders.
What is gene drive? A system that increases the chance a gene is inherited.
What are off-target effects? Unintended DNA modifications caused by gene-editing tools.
Why use cDNA instead of genomic DNA? cDNA lacks introns, so bacteria can express it.
How can CRISPR correct a mutation? gRNA targets site; Cas9 cuts; repair template fixes sequence.
Why must restriction enzymes create compatible ends? To allow correct base-pairing for ligation.
Why is heat-shock used in transformation? It increases membrane permeability for DNA entry.
Compare electroporation and heat-shock. Electroporation uses electric pulses; heat-shock uses temperature shifts.
Why is blue-white screening useful? White colonies indicate successful insertion.
What do white colonies indicate? lacZ disrupted → recombinant plasmid present.
Purpose of recombinant DNA technology. To combine DNA from different sources for new genetic combinations.
 

 



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