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Biology 2 - C01 - 05

🧬⚡BIO02 Module 1 — Rapid Recall Set 1 — 05

QuestionAnswer
What is genetic engineering? The deliberate modification of an organism’s DNA using biotechnology.
What is recombinant DNA technology? Combining DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations.
What is a vector? A DNA carrier (plasmid or virus) used to deliver foreign genes.
What is a plasmid? A small circular DNA molecule used as a cloning vector.
What do restriction enzymes do? They cut DNA at specific recognition sequences.
What are sticky ends? Single-stranded overhangs created by staggered cuts.
What are blunt ends? Straight DNA cuts with no overhangs.
What does DNA ligase do? It seals DNA fragments by forming phosphodiester bonds.
What does reverse transcriptase do? It synthesizes cDNA from an mRNA template.
What is transformation? The uptake of foreign DNA by a host cell.
What is heat-shock transformation? A temperature change increases membrane permeability.
What is electroporation? Electric pulses open pores for DNA entry.
What is a selectable marker? A gene (often antibiotic resistance) used to identify transformed cells.
What is blue-white screening? White colonies = recombinant; blue = non-recombinant.
What is a transgenic organism? An organism containing DNA from another species.
 

 



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