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Stack #4614362
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chemistry | the study of matter and the principles of how matter changes |
| Matter | anything that occupies space and can be perceived by our senses (observation) |
| Pure Substances | cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by physical processes (e.g. boiling, filtration) |
| States of matter | solid(s), liquid(l), gas(g) |
| Mixtures | two or more substances that do not lose their individual identities. These CAN be separated by physical means (boiling, filtration, etc) |
| Elements | CANNOT be decomposed into stable simpler substances by ordinary chemical means. Composed of discrete particles called ATOMS. |
| Atomic elements | individual atoms, such as Ne(g), or continuous sets of atoms found together in the bulk such as pure metals. |
| Molecular Elements | discrete units with a small number of atoms arranged in a particular way, such as hydrogen gas = H2(g). |
| Allotropes | different forms of the same element |
| Compound | a substance that is composed of two or more different elements. CAN be decomposed into its elements by chemical means |
| Homogenous Mixtures | have a uniform composition throughout the sample. Example: sugar dissolved in water |
| Heterogenous Mixtures | do not have a uniform composition throughout the sample. These contain distinct phases of matter. Example: oil and water |
| Chemical | change in the identity/combination of the atoms in a substance. Example: flammability, combustibility, tarnishing, reaction with another substance |
| Physical | characteristics or processes that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance. Change in form or appearance. Example: color, texture, density, state of matter, odor, etc |
| Measurements | quantities determined by using an instrument |
| Mass | how heavy an object is |
| Volume | space occupied by an object |
| Time | indefinite progression of events and existence |
| Distance or Length | how far apart two objects are |
| Temperature | a measure of average kinetic energy (the energy of motion) |
| Meter (m) | Distance or Length measurement |
| Liter (L) | Volume measurement |
| Gram (g) / kilogram (kg) | Mass measurement |
| Celsius (°C) / Kelvin (K) | Temperature measurement |
| Hours (h), Minutes (min), Hours (h) | Time measurement |
| Joule (J) | Energy measurement |
| Kilo, K | 1:1000 |
| Centi, C | 100:1 |
| Milli, M | 1000:1 |
| Micro, µ | 1:1x10^-6 |
| Nano, N | 1:1x10^-9 |
| Specific Heat (Cs) | the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1gram by 1 °C |
| Higher Specific Heat | MORE energy needed for a temperature change, or LESS temperature change for a given amount of energy |
| Lower Specific Heat | LESS energy needed for a temperature change, or MORE temperature change for a given amount of energy. |
Created by:
azmber