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Chapter 3 Key Terms
Intro to Communication Spring 2026
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Perception | The process of making meaning from what we experience in the world around us |
| Selection | The process by which your mind and body help you isolate certain stimuli to pay attention to |
| Organization | The classification of information of some way |
| Perceptual schema | Mental framework for organizing information into categories we call constructs |
| Stereotype | A generalization about a group or category of people that can have a powerful influence on how we perceive others and their communication behavior |
| Selective memory bias | Remember information that supports our stereotypes while forgetting information that does not |
| Primacy effect | First impressions are critical because they set the tone for all future interactions |
| Recency effect | That the most recent impression we have of a person’s communication is more powerful than our earlier impressions |
| Perceptual set | Predisposition to perceive only what we want or expect to perceive |
| Attribution | Explanation of an observed behavior |
| Self-serving bias | Refers to our tendency to attribute our successes to stable, internal causes while attributing our failures to unstable, external causes |
| Fundamental attribution error | We attribute other people’s behavior to internal rather than external causes |
| Image | The personal “face” we want others to see |
| Image management | The process of behavioral adjustment to project a desired image |
| Self-concept or identity | Composed of your own stable perceptions about who you are |
| Johari window | Visual representation of the self as composed of four separate parts |
| Fulfilling prophecy | A situation in which a prediction leads people to act and communicate in ways that make that prediction come true |
| Self-esteem | Your subjective evaluation of your value and worth as a person |
| Face | Describes our desired public image |
| Facework | Describes the behaviors we use to project that desired image to others |
| Face needs | Important components of our desired public image |
| Fellowship face | Refers to the need to have others like and accept us |
| Autonomy face | Refers to our need to avoid being imposed on by others |
| Competence face | Our need to be respected- to have others acknowledge our abilities and intelligence |
| Face-threatening act | Hinders the fulfillment of one or more of your face needs |
| Life story | A way of presenting ourselves to others that is based on our self-concept but is also influenced by other people |
Created by:
KristenR2025