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Sociology ch 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| status | socially defined position in a group or society |
| sociocultural evolution | changes that occur as society gains new technology |
| social structure | network of interrelated statuses and roles that guide human interaction |
| barter | the practice of exchanging goods |
| role | behavior expected of someone with a status |
| gesellchaft | industrial society characterized by weak family ties |
| gemeinschaft | preindustrial society based on tradition and social ties |
| social solidarity | degree to which society is unified |
| role strain | when a person has difficulty meetingg the role of a single status |
| organic solidarity | impersonal relationships that arise with increased job specialization, where people can no longer provide for their own needs |
| master status | status that tanks rank above all others |
| social institution | system of statuses, roles, values, and norms |
| ascribed status | position assigned according to qualities beyond a persons control, such as age |
| achieved status | position acquired through a persons direct efforts, such as education |
| role set | different roles attached to a single status |
| role conflict | when fulfilling a role for one status makes it difficult to fulfill the role of another |
| mechanical solidarity | close knit social; relationships common in preindustrial societies when a small group of people share the same values |
| urbanization | shift of population from farms and villages to cities |
| role performance | actual behaviors of a person with a particular status |
| mechanization | process of replacing animal and human power with machine power |