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Chapter 15 vocab

TermDefinition
Pericardium fibroserous sace that encloses the heart and the roots of the great vessels
epicardium outermost layer of the heart wall, which is also the visceral layer of the serous pericardium
myocardium thick, muscular middle layer of the heart wall composed of cardiac muscle cells
endocardium thin, smooth inner lining of the heart Chambers and valves
atria the two superior, receiving chamber of the heart
auricles small, ear-shaped, muscular pouches that project from the anterior surface of each atrium, increasing atrial capacity
ventricles the two inferior, pumping Chambers of the heart
sulcus grooves on the surface of the heart that contain coronary blood vessels and fat
tricuspid valve atrioventricular valve located between the right atrium and the right ventricle
mitral/bicuspid valve atrioventricular valve located between the left atrium and the left ventricle
aortic valve the semilunar valve located between the left ventricle and the aorta
coronary arteries vessels that branch from the ascending aorta to supply oxygenated blood to the myocardium
cardiac veins vessels that drain deoxygenated blood from the myocardium into the ordinary sinus
systole phase of the cardiac cycle involving contraction of the heart Chambers and ejection of blood
diastole phase of the cardiac cycle involving relaxation of the heart Chambers and filling with blood
pacemaker specialized cardiac muscle cells that generate electrical impulses to initiate the heartbeat
electrocardiogram a recording of the electrical activity of the heart over time, used to assess cardiac function
arteries thick walled blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
vasoconstriction the narrowing of blood vessels caused by contraction of the smooth muscle in the vessel wall
vasodilation the widening of blood vessels caused by relaxation of the smooth muscle in the vessel wall
capillaries microscopic, thin-walled vessels where the exchange of nutrients. gases, and waste occurs between blood and tissues
venules small vessels that connect blood from capillaries and drain into veins
veins vessels that carry blood toward the heart, typically containing valves to prevent backflow
systolic pressure the maximum pressure exerted against arterial walls during ventricular contraction
diastolic pressure the minimum pressure exerted against arterial walls during ventricular relaxation
Created by: alyssapatt10
 

 



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