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Natural Selection
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Fossil | A trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock. |
| Vestigial Structure | A structure that is present in an organism but no longer serves its original purpose |
| Homologous Structure | Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry. |
| Evolution | Change in a kind of organism over time. Process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms. |
| Natural Selection | A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits. |
| Variation | Any difference between individuals of the same species. |
| Overproduction | Organisms produce more offspring than needed to sustain the population |
| Adaptation | A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce |
| Charles Darwin | English scientist who made the theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882) |
| Jean Baptiste de Lamarck | French naturalist who proposed that evolution happened within an organism's lifetime (1744-1829) |
| Mutation | A change in DNA or a gene. |
| Innate Behavior | a behavior you are born with (Examples are instincts and reflexes) |
| Learned Behavior | a behavior that has been developed from experience or observation. Examples of how these are acquired are imprinting, insight, conditioning, and trail and error. |
| Instinct | a complex behavior that is unlearned |
| Courtship Behavior | behavior that allows males and females of the same species to recognize each other and prepare to mate |
| Communication | Passing of information from one organism to another by sound, smell or aggression |
| Migration | Movement to a new location in order to find food, better living conditions, mating, etc. |
| Hibernation | A period of inactivity that some animals experience in winter that allows them to survive on stored body fat |
| Estivation | A period of reduced activity that some animals experience in the summer |
| Cooperation | working together for the good of all organism involved |
| Behavioral Adaptation | Adaptations that organism's do to help them survive |
| Structural Adaptations | a physical feature of an organism's body that contributes to the survival of the organism |
| Phototropism | Growth of a plant shoot toward or away from light. |
| Geotropism | a plants response to earth's gravity, as the growing of roots downward in the ground |
| Submission | The act of one organism giving in to another |
| Aggression | any forceful behavior intended to dominate or control another organism |
| Tropism | A plant's behavioral response to their environment so that they can survive |
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