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Atoms

L 1-4

TermDefinition
atom the basic particle from which all elements are made; the smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element.
electron a tiny, negatively charged particle that moves around the outside of the nucleus of an atom.
nucleus the central core of an atom that contains protons, and neutrons.
proton small, positively charged particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom.
energy level a region of an atom in which the electrons of the same energy are likely to be found.
neutron a small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with no electrical charge.
atomic number the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
isotope an atom with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element.
mass number the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
atomic mass the average mass of all the isotopes of an element.
periodic table an arrangement of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties.
chemical symbol a one or two letter representation of an element.
period a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table.
group elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called a family.
metal a class of elements characterized by physical properties that include, shininess, mellability, ductility, and conductivity.
luster the way a mineral reflects light from it's surface.
malleable a term used to describe the material that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets.
ductile a term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire.
thermal conductivity the ability of an object to transfer heat.
electracal conductivity the ability of an object to carry an electric current.
reactivity the ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts, with other elements and compounds.
corrosion the gradual wearing away of a metal element due to a chemical reaction.
alkali metal an element in Group 1 of the periodic table.
alkaline earth metal an element in Group 2 of there periodic table.
transition metal an element in groups 3 through 12 in the periodic table.
nonmetal an element that lacks most of the properties of metal.
diatomic molecule a molecule consisting of two atoms.
halogen an element round in Group 17 of the periodic table.
noble gas an element in Group 18 in the periodic table.
metalloid a element that has both characteristics of metal, and nonmetal.
semiconductor a substance that can conduct electric currents under some conditions.
Created by: atrudeau006
 

 



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