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lessons 1-4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| atom | the basic particle from which all elements are made; the smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element |
| electron | a tiny, negatively charged particle that moves around the outside of the nucleus of an atom |
| nucleus | The central core of an atom which contains protons and neutrons |
| proton | small, positively charged particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom |
| energy level | a region of an atom in which electrons of the same energy are likely to be found |
| neutron | a small particle in the nucleus of an atom with no electrical charge |
| atomic number | the number if protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| isotope | an atom with the same numbers of protons and a different number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element |
| mass number | the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic mass | the average mass of all the isotopes of an element |
| periodic table | an arrangement of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties |
| chemical symbol | a one- or or two-letter representation of an element |
| period | a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table |
| group | elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called family |
| metal | a class of elements characterized by physical properties that includes shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity |
| luster | the way a mineral reflects light from its surface |
| malleable | a term used to describe material that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets |
| ductile | a term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire |
| thermal conductivity | the ability of an object to transfer heat |
| electrical conductivity | the ability of an object to carry electric current |
| reactivity | the ease and speed with each element combines, or reacts, with other elements and compounds |
| corrosion | the gradual wearing away of metal element duty to a chemical reaction |
| alkali metal | an element in Group 1 of the periodic table |
| alkaline earth metal | an element in Group 2 of the periodic table |
| transition metal | one of the elements in Group 3 through 12 of the periodic table |
| nonmetal | an element that lacks most of the properties of a metal |
| diatomic molecule | a molecule consisting of two atoms |
| halogen | an element found in Group 17 of the periodic table |
| noble gas | an element found in Group 18 of the periodic table |
| metalloid | an element that has some characteristics between positive metal ion metals and nonmetals |
| semiconductor | a substance that can conduct electric current under some conditions |
| radioactive decay | the process in which radioactive elements break down, releasing fast moving particles and energy |
| nuclear reaction | a reaction involving the particles in the nucleus of an atom that can change one element into another element |
| radioactivity | the spontaneous emission of radiation by an unstable atomic nucleus |
| alpha particle | a particle given off during radioactive decay that consists of two protons and two neutrons |
| beta particle | A fast moving electron that is given off as nuclear radiation |
| gamma ray | Electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies |
| half-life | The time it takes for half of the atoms of a radioactive element to decay |
| radioactive dating | The process of determining the age of an object using half life of one or more radioactive isotopes |
| tracer | A radioactive isotope that can be followed through the steps of a chemical reaction or industrial process |
Created by:
MaddieKinney