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Part 1 Ap-psych key
Test for key words
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nervous system | The body's speedy electrochemical communication network, consisting of all nerve cells |
| Central nervous System | Brain and spinal cord |
| Autonomic Nervous system | Controls involuntary Functions such as heartbeat, Digestion and breathing |
| Sympathetic Nervous system | fight or flight response, automatically accelerates heart rate, dilates pupils, slows down digest |
| Peripheral Nervous system | Sensory and motor neurons that connect to brain and spinal cord |
| Somatic Nervous system | Controls voluntary functions |
| Parasympathetic Nervous system | Rest and digest; automatically slows the body down after stressful event |
| Neurons | or nerve cells while there are several different types of neurons; their key components are the same |
| Gilgal cells | The support for the nervous system, providing extra protection and nourishment to neurons |
| Sensory Neuron | Nerve cells that receive and transmit information about the environment to the CNS |
| Motor Neurons | Control voluntary and involuntary movements, arry info around the brain for processing |
| Interneurons | Neurons in the brain and spinal cord that serve as an intermediary between sensory and motor neurons |
| All or nothing principial | A neuron's reaction of firing or not firing is not determined by the strength of stimulation |
| Depolarization | A physiological process that occurs when the membrane potential of a neuron becomes less of more |
| Reuptake | Neurotransmitters are released by the neurons and travel back across the synapse to be to be reabsorbed by axon terminals |
| Excitatory Neurotransmitters | A chemical messenger that stimulates a neuron increasing the likelihood that it will fire an electrical signal |
| Inhibitory Neurotransmitters | A chemical messenger that stimulates a neuron increasing the likelihood that it will fire an electrical potential |
| Dopamine | influences voluntary movement, learning, attention and emotion |
| Norepinephrine | helps control alertness and arousal |
| GABA | Inhibitory neurotransmitter; natural tranquilizer involved in calming you down |
| Hormones | are the chemical messengers of the endocrine |
| Leptin | helps regulate appetite and energy balance |
| Melatonin | Helps regulate the body's sleep-wake cycle |
| Refractory Period | Before a neuron can fire again the ions need to return to their original position, or repolarized or a pause before firings |
| Resting period | the ions are aligned or polarized |
| Absolute threshold | the minimum amount of stimulus energy needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time |
| serotonin | affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal |
| Glutamate | excitatory neurotransmitters involved in memory |
| Endorphins | influence the perception of pain and pleasure |
| Acetylcholine | enables muscle action, learning and memory |
| Adrenaline | Prepare body for emergencies fight or flight response |
| Ghrelin | hormones that increase appetite |
| Oxytocin | Facilitate location and improve relationships bonding hormones |
| Antagonist | block receptor sites |
| Agonist | Many drugs work because they either increase mimic a neurotransmitters action |
| Reuptake inhibitor | Block the receptor process leaving the drug/transmitter in the synaptic gap longer |
| Brain plasticity | Brain's ability to change, build, and recognize after damage or experiece |
| EEG | Electrodes placed on the scalp measure electrical activity in neuron's |
| fMRI | Measures blood flow to brain regions byy comparing continous MRI scans |
| Lesions | Areas of damaged brain tissue |
| Brain stem | Found at the base of the skull above the spinal cord oldest part of the brain |
| Medulla | The base of the brainstem that controls breathing and heartbeat |
| Reticular Formation | a Nerve network that travels through the brainstem into the thalamus and plays an important role in controlling arousal |
| Cerebellum | Coordinates movement and balance, process sensory input, judgement of time and enables nonverbal learning and input |
| Cerebral cortex | Is the intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells covering the cerebral hemispheres that functions as the body's ultimate control and information-processing center |
| Thalamus | Directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla |
| Hypothalamus | brain region controlling the pituitary gland |
| Pituitary Gland | or master gland is controlled by the hypothalamus |
| Hippocampus | responsible for processing and storing explicit memories of facts and event |
| Amygdala | Responsible for survival emotions of fear and aggression |
| Corpus Callosum | Network of fibers connecting the two hemispheres |
| Broca's Area | Responsible for controlling muscles that produce speech |
| Wernicke's Area | Responsible for language comprehension |
| Stimulants | Excite neural activity increase energy decrease appetite brief feeling of euphoria |
Created by:
Khloewebb