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Focus Unit Test
Cooked
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When did the Le Claire Expedition Happen? | 1802 |
| What did the Le Claire Expedition say? | Exterminate the blacks, reinstate slavery |
| When did the Mali Empire exist? | 1280 - 1337 |
| Who was Mansa Musa? | The king of the Mali Empire: showed his wealth through his hajj |
| Who was Ibn Battuta? | Moroccan scholar + explorer. He went to Mali and confirmed Musa's riches |
| Why have some people forced others to do labor? | 1) Laziness 2) Selfishness 3) Status |
| Hierarchy | People or groups are ranked above one another |
| What does hierarchy provide? | Social order, social stability, and social motivation |
| Bigotry | Prejudice based on race |
| What is the root sentiment of racism? | Fear |
| Origins of transatlantic slavery (cause 1) | Ancient Greece (500's BCE): - Barbarians were enslaved due to language differences |
| Origins of transatlantic slavery (cause 2) | Roman Empire (200's BCE): - Enslaved outgroups + implemented plantation system |
| Origins of transatlantic slavery (cause 3) | Judeo-Christian ideas of slavery (200's - 300's onward): |
| Origins of transatlantic slavery (cause 4) | Islamic-Arab slavery (600's - 1800's): - Based on geography + included African slavery |
| Origins of transatlantic slavery (cause 5) | West African slavery system (700's - 1800's) |
| Origins of transatlantic slavery (cause 6) | Portuguese + Spanish Empire Building: - Reconquista (718 - 1490's) - Spanish Inquisition (1478 - 1500) |
| "Natural Slavery" | The idea that some are inherently fit to be slaves due to their lacking capabilities |
| Cognitive Dissonance | You know something is bad, but still do it and feel the need to justify it |
| Origins of race and racism (causes) | Cultural Conflict + Protestant reformation, European Imperialism (1453 - 1700's), Caribbean slave codes |
| counter reformation | (1545) |
| Caribbean Slave Codes | 1661 - 1700's |
| Crusades | 1095 |
| Reconquista to reformation | (718 - 1648) |
| Limpieza de Sangre | (1449) |
| 30 years war | (1618 - 1648) |
| Francois Bernier | C: 1684 C: Wrote a book on the language of race C: Bordeaux Royal Academy: Great Race Essay (1741), other racist scientists |
| Colonialism | Settlers --> ignoring, offending, and destroying other cultures |
| Hatuey | BD: 16th C Taino Chief, the first rebel on record, swam from Haiti to Cuba C: died 1512 C: Imperialism C: Symbolism of fighting back against oppression |
| SPANISH + PORTUGUESE IMPERIALISM | 1492 - 1512 |
| SPAIN CONQUER THE TAINO PEOPLE | 1492 |
| SPANISH CONQUER THE AZETEC | 1519 |
| SPANISH CONQUE INCA | 1532 |
| PROTUGUESE ESTABLISH POST IN MOMBASA | 1593 |
| Valladolid debates | BD: discussions in Spain regarding the harsh colonial system in the Americas C: 1550 - 1551 C: De Las Casas + others raised awareness C; Less harsh laws and punishments, but the system still continues |
| Decolonization | Two types: - Violent resistance - Non-violent resistance |
| Olaudah Equiano | BD: survived the middle passage C: 1745 - 1797 C: N/A C: wrote memoir --> we understand the brutality of the middle passage |
| Chattel Slavery | Owners have complete ownership over their slaves |
| The Middle Passage | BD: the trip slaves took from West Africa to the Americas C: 16th - 19th c |
| The Maafa | The century long enslavement of Africans along with the atrocities committed by "superior" races to put them down |
| Abolitionism | The act of banning slavery, an ideal started by the Haitian revolution and continued prominently throughout the 19th c |
| Zera Yacob | BD: Ethiopian philosopher, Ethiopian orthodox, and a Descartes contemporary C: 1599 - 1692 Works: Hatata = objective morality + obligations |
| Anton Amo | BD: Ghanian philosopher, brought to Germany to study C: 1703 - 1759 Works: Logical treatise of 1738, dissertations of mind + body (dualism) |
| John Locke | BD: origin founder of the enlightenment C: 1632 - 1704 |
| Natural Rights | Rights that belong to every person |
| Social Contract | We give up some of our rights in order for the government to protect us |
| What are the 3 types of government? | Autocracy, Oligarchy, Democracy |
| Autocracy | Rule by 1 |
| Oligarchy | Rule by few |
| Democracy | Rule by many |
| Beginning of Slavery in North America | August 19th 1619 |
| Banjamin Banneker | BD: Son of an American freedman, American scientist, anti-slavery activist C: 1731 - 1806 Works: Banneker's Almanac (1792) C: Banneker + L'Enfant design DC C: Letters to Jefferson (1787) |
| Declaration of Independence is signed | 1776 |
| French army joins American Revolution | 1778 |
| Battle of Yorktown | 1781 |
| Treaty of Paris | 1783 |
| Constitution ratified | 1787 |
| 5 stages of the French Revolution | Ancien Regime, national assembly, legislative assembly, national convention, the directory --> Napoleon dictatorship |
| Ancien Regime | 1400 - 1789 Weak economic leadership, crop failure --> price of bread goes up |
| Louis XIV | 1643 - 1715 |
| Louis XV | 1715 - 1775 |
| Louis XVI | 1775 - 1793 |
| First estate | 1. King. 2. Catholic clergy (0.5% pop) |
| Second estate | 3. Nobility (1.5% pop) |
| Third estate | 4. Bourgeoise. 5. Sans-Coulette. 6. Protestant-Huguenot minority. 7. Peasants (80% pop) |
| Estates General | May 5th - June 20th 1789 The thing summoned by Louis XVI (1 vote for each estate) |
| National Assembly | 1789 (August 26th) - 1791 Storming of the Bastille, the great fear (rumors of revolt), declaration of RoMaC |
| Storming of the Bastille | July 14th 1789 Ideas of revolt are put to action, a turning point |
| Women's march on Versailles | October 5th 1789 |
| Legislative Assembly | 1791 - 1793 Constitutional Monarchy --> French constitution, international notability, end of absolute monarchy + feudalism |
| French constitution written | 1791 |
| Tennis Court Oath | June 20th 1789 Ideas to stop inequality among the 3rd estate |
| Marie Antoinette | Austrian royalty, extreme decadence, French journalism |
| The National Convention | 1792 - 1795 |
| French war with Austria | 1792 - 1794 |
| September Massacres | 1792 |
| Dismissal of 1791 constitution, first French Republic | September 1792 |
| National Convention contributions | Proto socialism, terrorism, republicanism, abolitionism |
| French abolition of slavery | 1794 |
| Louis XVI + Marie Antoinette are chopped off | January 1793 |
| French war with ENG, SPA, GER, PRU | 1794 |
| The Directory --> Napoleon Leadership | 1795 - 1805 National army, winning European war (1795 - 1799) |
| Vincent Oge is executed by Haitian slaves (Vincent Oge Rebellion) | February 1791 |
| Louverture Joins the Haitian Revolution | 1791 |
| SPA + ENG invade Saint Domingue | 1792 |
| Louverture joins Spain in the fight | 1793 |
| French abolition of slavery | 1794 |
| Louverture joins France in the fight | 1795 - 1800 |
| Napoleon attempts to reinstate slavery | 1800 |
| Louverture kidnapped after publishing a constitution (without Napoleon's consent) | 1801 |
| Dessalines wins and gets Haitian independence over France | 1804 |
| Napoleon | Military genius, French emperor, uses French nationalism to his advantage |
| Nationalism | Pride / support for one's own country |
| Civic Nationalism | Advocacy for freedom |
| Ethnic Nationalism | Advocates for certain groups to take control based on race (ex: KKK) |
| The Political Identity Spectrum | Radical Liberal Moderate Conservative Reactionary |
| Spanish conquer Hispaniola | 1492 |
| French conquer Saint Domingue | 1625 |
| English conquer Jamaica | 1650 |
| Danish conquer Saint John | 1652 |
| Maroons | Escaped slaves / self-liberated Africans in the Americas |
| First Maroon War | 1728 - Jamaica |
| Akwamu Revolt | 1733 - Saint John |
| Tacky's War | 1760 - Jamaica |
| Berbice Rebellion | 1763 - Guyana |
| Francois Makandal | (1758) Voudou, poison, legend |
| Political Elite of Saint Domingue meet | August 25th 1791 |
| Original planned date of slave strike in S.D | August 24th 1791 |
| August uprising | August 22nd 1791 |
| Bois-Caiman Ceremony | August 21st 1791 |
| Slaves are interrogated in S.D | August 19th 1791 |
| Slaves set fire to a farmhouse in S.D | August 15th + 18th 1791 |
| Slaves start to plan their strike in S.D | August 14th 1791 |
| Dutty Boukman | Maroon, Voudou, insurrection leadership |
| General Napoleon's coup | 1799 |
| Rumors of re-enslavement in S.D | 1800 |
| Toussaint Louverture | Enslavement + liberation, enlightenment, slave ownership, Haitian rev leader (1791 - 1801) |
| Jean Jaques Dessalines | Born enslaved, rebel + revolutionary, leadership with Louverture |
| 1801 Haitian constitution | Catholicism, free rights, abolition of slavery, etc. |
| 1805 Haitian constitution | Sovereignty, citizenship for the blacks (even Polish) |
Created by:
Rithvik21