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Chem 106 Assessment1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| "concentrated" "diluted" | concentrated is higher than 0.1M diluted is lower than 0.1M |
| a solution is also called a | homogenous mixture |
| Molarity (M) | mol solute/L solution |
| molality (m) | mol solute/kg solvent |
| ppm (parts per million) | mg solute/kg solvent |
| strong electrolyte | dissolves and dissociates into ions conducts electricity NaCl |
| weak electrolyte | dissolves and partially dissociates into ions vinegar |
| non-electrolyte | dissolves but does not dissociate sugar |
| when heated, Molarity __________ | does change (because volume changes with temperature) |
| when heated, molality ________ | does not change (because mass does not change with temp) |
| van't Hoff factor (i) | how many ions dissociated : how many molecules if it didn't dissociates |
| definitions (exact numbers) have _____ sig figs | infinite |
| multiply/divide sig fig rule | report answer to the fewest number of sig figs |
| addition/subtraction sig fig rule | report answer to have the fewest amount of decimal places |
| conductivity increases when | concentration and amount of ions increase |
| conductivity decreases when | concentration decreases and you have non-electrolytes |
| always soluble | group 1 (alkali metals): Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+ NH4+ NO3- CHCOO- |
| usually soluble | Cl-, Br-, I- |
| insoluble | Ag+, Pb2+, Hg2+ CO32+, PO43-, OH-, S2-, CrO42- |
| MM= | (iK solute g/solvent kg)/T |
| osmosis | movement of water from a high water concentration to a low concentration |
| which means osmosis is also | water going from a low solute concentration to a high solute concentration |
| osmotic pressure | pressure needed to stop the spontaneous flow of water across a membrane to even out solute concentration |
| gas solubility higher temp = | lower solubility (because gas escapes more easy) |
| gas solubility higher pressure= | higher solubility (because gas is pressed into solution) |
| colligative properties | depends on number of particles, not identity (bp, fp, osmotic pressure) |
| vapor pressure higher temp higher IM forces | higher vapor pressure |
| more surface area effect on vapor pressure | more gas can escape at a time, cause they are spread out, but that does not mean the rate is faster |
| fractional distillation | process of separating liquids with different boiling points (ex: ethanol boils at 78, water at 100. ethanol is caught first) |
Created by:
anyasalmon