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Basic Chemistry

Chapter 2 - A & P Lecture

QuestionAnswer
Matter anything that occupies space and has mass
Mass the amount of matter in an object - international unit = kilogram (kg)
Weight the gravitational force acting on an object of a given mass
Element the simplest type of matter with unique chemical properties; composed of atoms of only one kind
Atom smallest particle of an element that has chemical characteristics of that element
Elements in the Body hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O)
Atomic Structure: Atoms (subatomic particles: p, n, e) Nucleus (p & n) Electron Cloud [volume of an atom occupied by e]
Atomic Number equal to number of protons in each atom, which is equal to the number of electrons
Mass Number number of protons plus number of neutrons
Isotopes two or more forms of same element with the same number of protons and electrons but different neutron number. They have the same atomic number but different mass numbers
Atomic Mass avg. mass of naturally occurring isotopes. the unified atomic mass unit is 1/2 of the mass call the Dalton (Da)
Avogadro's Number 6.022 x 10^23 molecules / mole
1 Mole Avogadro's number of atoms, ions, molecules
Molar Mass mass of one mole of a substance in grams, which is equal to it atomic mass units
 

 



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