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chp8 disease/cond
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Apnea | Temporary interruption of breathing |
| Bradypnea | Condition of slower-than-normal breathing |
| Cheyne-Stokes respiration | Unusual breathing pattern characterized by periods of apnea (10–60 sec) followed by gradually increasing respirations |
| Dyspnea | Difficult or painful breathing |
| Eupnea | Condition of normal breathing |
| Hyperpnea | Condition of deeper-than-normal breathing |
| Hyperventilation | Breathing faster and deeper than normal |
| Hypoventilation | Breathing too slow and shallow |
| Orthopnea | Breathing becomes easier when sitting up straight |
| Rales | Abnormal crackling sound heard during inhalation, indicating fluid or mucus in the airway |
| Rhonchi | Coarse rattling or high-pitched snoring sound indicating narrowing of air passages |
| Stridor | Harsh, high-pitched sound indicating airway obstruction |
| Tachypnea | Condition of faster-than-normal breathing |
| Wheezing | High-pitched sound during exhalation |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | Fluid buildup in the lungs preventing oxygen from reaching the bloodstream |
| Aspiration | Inhalation of a foreign body, food, or fluid into the respiratory tract |
| Asthma | Sudden attacks of dyspnea with wheezing caused by bronchial spasms or mucous swelling |
| Atelectasis | Collapsed or airless lung caused by alveoli not expanding normally |
| Bronchitis | Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchial tubes |
| Bronchogenic carcinoma (lung cancer) | Malignant tumor originating in the bronchi |
| Bronchospasm | Sudden, involuntary contraction of the bronchi |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | Reduced lung function with persistent dyspnea and low inspiratory capacity |
| Common cold | Short-term inflammation of respiratory mucous membranes |
| Croup | Childhood disease with barking cough and high-pitched breathing |
| Cyanosis | Bluish tint to the skin due to lack of oxygen circulation |
| Cystic fibrosis (CF) | Inherited disease causing chronic respiratory infection, pancreatic insufficiency, and excessive mucus |
| Diphtheria | Infection of nose and throat with gray membrane obstructing air flow |
| Emphysema | Chronic disease with enlarged alveoli and loss of lung elasticity |
| Empyema | Pus in the pleural cavity, usually from lung infection |
| Epiglottitis | Inflammation of the epiglottis |
| Hay fever (allergic rhinitis) | Allergic inflammation of nasal mucous membranes due to pollen or allergens |
| Hemothorax | Bloody fluid in the pleural cavity from ruptured blood vessels |
| Hyperventilation syndrome (panic attack) | Excessive breathing causing low CO2 levels, anxiety, dizziness, and tingling |
| Influenza | Acute contagious viral infection with fever, chills, cough, and body aches |
| Laryngitis | Inflammation of the larynx (voice box) |
| Nasal polyp | Tumor with a stem in the nasal cavity |
| Pertussis (whooping cough) | Airborne bacterial infection causing severe cough, preventable by vaccine |
| Pharyngitis | Inflammation of the pharynx (throat) |
| Pleural effusion | Escape of fluid into the pleural cavity due to excessive buildup |
| Pneumonia | Inflammation of the lungs caused by bacteria, virus, fungus, or irritants |
| Pneumothorax | Collection of air or gas in the pleural space |
| Pulmonary embolism (PE) | Traveling blood clot lodged in the lung |
| Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) | Highly contagious virus causing respiratory illness in children |
| Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) | Life-threatening viral infection affecting the respiratory system and potentially other organs |
| Sinusitis | Inflammation of the sinuses caused by viral or bacterial infection |
| Sleep apnea | Periodic cessation of breathing during sleep |
| Sputum | Mucus coughed up from the respiratory tract |
| Strep throat | Infection of the throat by Streptococcus bacterium, causing pain and pus |
| Tonsillitis | Inflammation of the tonsils due to viral or bacterial infection |
| Tuberculosis (TB) | Contagious bacterial infection of the lungs causing inflammation, abscesses, fibrosis, and necrosis |
Created by:
ush