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History test 1/22
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who was Upton Sinclair? | Upton Sinclair was a American author, journalist, and political activist known for his "muckraking" novels that exposed social injustices. |
| Who was Carrie Nation? | She was an American temperance crusader famous for smashing saloons with a hatchet to protest alcohol, believing it destructive to families, |
| Who was Florence Kelley? | She was known for her tireless advocacy against child labor and for better working conditions, minimum wages, and shorter workdays, significantly impacting labor laws and consumer protection through her leadership at the National Consumers League (NCL) |
| Who was Ray Baker? | Ray Baker was a famous American muckraking journalist, author, and biographer of Woodrow Wilson, known for his serious reporting and his popular, pastoral essays under the pen name David Grayson. |
| What were Muckrakers? | Muckrakers were investigative journalists and writers during America's Progressive Era who exposed corruption, social problems, and wrongdoing in big business and government through articles and books. |
| What was the Wisconsin Idea? | Promote good government by using University Scholars to help legislators find needed facts and draft laws that the courts could not easily set aside |
| What is Amendment 16? | granted Congress the power to levy a federal income tax on earnings from any source, without needing to apportion it among states by population, establishing the modern federal income tax |
| What is Amendment 17? | The Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution established the direct election of United States senators in each state. |
| What is Amendment 18? | The 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution established Prohibition |
| What is Amendment 19? | The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1920, granted American women the right to vote by prohibiting the federal and state governments from denying the right to vote on the basis of sex |
| What was the Meat Inspection Act? | The Meat Inspection Act of 1906 was a landmark U.S. law that mandated federal inspection of meat processing to prevent adulteration and misbranding, ensuring sanitary conditions for livestock and meat products sold across state lines |
| Why was the Meat Inspection Act & Pure Food and Drug Act passed? | due to public outrage, fueled by muckraking journalism like Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle |
| Why was the Pure Food and Drug Act passed? | primarily due to public outrage over unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry leading to demands for federal consumer protection and the banning of mislabeled or harmful foods and drugs in interstate commerce, and ultimately creating the FDA. |
| Who passed the Meat Inspection Act & Pure Food and Drug Act? | Theodore Roosevelt |
| What was the Square Deal? | The Square Deal was President Theodore Roosevelt's progressive domestic policy focused on fairness for all Americans |
| What was the Progressive Movement? | The Progressive Movement (roughly 1890s-1920s) was a broad, turn-of-the-century American reform effort to address problems from industrialization, like poverty, corruption, and inequality, by using government power for social and political change |
| What is a Referendum? | a general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision. |
| What is a Initiative? | the power or opportunity to act or take charge before others do. |
| What is a Recall? | Recall is the power of the voters to remove elected officials before their terms expire. |
| What is a direct primary? | It allows citizens to choose who they want to run for political office |
| What is Prohibition? | Prohibition is the legal ban on manufacturing, selling, and transporting alcoholic beverages |
| Who wrote "The Jungle?" | Upton Sinclair |
| What was 'The Jungle?" | exposed horrific, unsanitary conditions in Chicago's meatpacking industry |
| Who wrote "Following the Color Line?" | Ray Baker |
| What was "Following the Color Line about?" | Following the Color Line (1908) by Ray Baker was a groundbreaking muckraking book that documented the harsh realities of Black life, racism, and the systematic subjugation of African Americans in the United States |
| What were "Political Machines?" | Political machines were highly organized, hierarchical groups in U.S. cities, led by a "boss," that controlled local politics by exchanging tangible benefits like jobs, housing, and social services for votes |
| What was the "Triangle Shirtwaist Factory? | The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory was a fire that killed 146 workers, due to locked doors and unsafe conditions, sparking major labor and safety reforms in the U.S., including improved fire codes, worker rights, and new laws for safer workplaces. |
| Who founded the "National Association of Colored Women?" | Mary Church Terrell |
| What did the "National Association of Colored Women" work for? | Uplifted African Americans by fighting racial and gender discrimination, advocating for civil rights, promoting education and job training, improving healthcare, and establishing social services like kindergartens, nurseries, and homes for the elderly |
| What was the Anti-Defamation League? | The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) is a prominent U.S.-based organization, dedicated to combating antisemitism, bigotry, and hate, while securing justice and fair treatment for all |
| What was the Election of 1912? | It was a historic four-way race won by Democrat Woodrow Wilson, largely due to a split in the Republican vote between incumbent William Howard Taft and former President Theodore Roosevelt, who ran as the Progressive "Bull Moose" Party candidate |
| What is the New Freedom? | "New Freedom" refers primarily to Woodrow Wilson's progressive political platform in the 1912 election, focused on breaking up monopolies, reducing tariffs, and reforming banking to restore competition and individual opportunity |
| What was the Urban League? | National Urban League (NUL), is a historic, nonpartisan civil rights organization founded in 1910 to achieve economic empowerment, equality, and social justice for African Americans and other underserved groups |
| What is the Federal Trade Commission? | The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is an independent U.S. government agency that protects consumers and promotes fair competition by preventing deceptive, unfair, and anti-competitive business practices |
| What is the significance behind the National Reclamation Act? | It was significant for transforming the American West by funding federal irrigation projects to make dry lands farmable, enabling agricultural growth, population settlement, and hydroelectric power, but also sparking debates over environmental impacts |
| Roosevelt v. Taft v. Wilson Who created the "Square Deal?" | Rosevelt |
| Roosevelt v. Taft v. Wilson Who was a major conservationist? | Rosevelt |
| Roosevelt v. Taft v. Wilson Who was in the Republican party? | Taft |
| Roosevelt v. Taft v. Wilson Who was the Democratic party? | Wilson |
| Roosevelt v. Taft v. Wilson Who was the bull moose/progressive party? | Rosevlet |
| Roosevelt v. Taft v. Wilson Who was the winner of the 1912 election? | Wilson |
| What was the Muller v Oregon case? | Muller v. Oregon (1908) was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld an Oregon law limiting women's working hours to 10 per day because they believed women needed less hours so they could go back home and tend to the house. |
| What event pushed the formation of The NAACP? | 1908 Springfield Race Riot in Illinois, where a white mob attacked Black residents, burned homes and businesses, and lynched two Black men |
| What does NAACP stand for? | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People |
| What is Americanization and why did it happen during the progressive movement? | Americanization was a Progressive Era movement to assimilate massive waves of new immigrants by teaching them English, American values, and civics through public schools, settlement houses, and factories, aiming to create loyal, productive citizens |
| What was the purpose of the WCTU? | The primary goal of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) was to achieve the legal prohibition of alcohol to protect the home and family from its destructive influence |
| Which President thought only "bad" trusts should be broken up? | roosevelt |
| Which industry was regulated by the Federal Reserve? | banking |
| Who thought blacks should gain immediate equality through legislation? | W.E.B. DuBois |
| What was the Progressive attitude towards Big Business? | Increase Government Regulation |
| Which organization helped poor African American's find jobs and housing? | Urban League |
| Which president was known for racism and segregating government offices? | wilson |
| Who was jacob Riis? | He was a social reformer, journalist, and photographer who used his experiences as an immigrant and police reporter to advocate for social change. |
| Who was the accomodationist who believed patience and education would lead to Civil Rights? | Booker T. Washington |
| Which organization encouraged consumers to buy from companies that treated workers fairly? | NCL-National Consumers League- |
| What were Progressives encouraging with all of their political reforms? | democracy |
| What legislation gave greater control to the ICC? | Hepburn Act |
| Which group sought to gain voting rights through passing state laws and then later national law | National American Women's Suffrage Association- NAWSA- |
| What brought the Progressive Era to an end? | WWI |
Created by:
K.ammon