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Bio 20 - DNA
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? | Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles; eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles. |
| What are the three main parts of a eukaryotic cell? | Nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. |
| What is the function of the mitochondria? | Produces energy (ATP) through cellular respiration. |
| What is the role of the cell membrane? | Controls what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis. |
| What is the function of ribosomes? | Make proteins by translating mRNA. |
| What is the difference between plant and animal cells? | Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole; animal cells do not. |
| What is diffusion? | Movement of molecules from high to low concentration. |
| What is osmosis? | The diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane. |
| What is active transport? | Movement of molecules against the concentration gradient using energy (ATP). |
| What is photosynthesis? | Process in plants where sunlight is converted into chemical energy (glucose) using CO₂ and H₂O. |
| What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? | 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ |
| What is cellular respiration? | Process where cells break down glucose to make ATP (energy). |
| What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration? | C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP |