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Congress 3.7 Part II
Vocabulary from Florida Benchmark SS.7.CG.3.7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Committees | Small, specialized groups in a legislature (like Congress or a state assembly) formed to divide the workload, study specific issues/policy areas, hold hearings to gather info, debate, amend, and then move bills or policies to the full legislative body |
| Committee selection | The process by which party leaders (majority AND minority party) negotiate the size, ratio, and assignment of members to these committees. Seniority, interests by the legislators, and expertise play a role in selection. |
| Joint committee | Made from members of both houses in a body (i.e. House/Senate) to study specific issues, coordinate activities, or perform oversight. They focus on research/investigations and reconciling different versions of bills - but do not draft bills themselves. |
| Select committee | Congressional committees appointed to perform a specific function that is beyond the authority or capacity of standing committees. Often investigative in nature, they address emerging issues that do not fit neatly within existing committee jurisdictions |
| Special committee | These are often similar to "select committee." However, some special committees are specifically designated for certain tasks, such as the Senate Special Committee on Aging. Special and select committees are set up by a resolution. |
| Standing committee | These deal with a specific, ongoing issues like finance, judiciary, or defense, among others. They review bills, hold hearings, and oversee government agencies within its area of expertise, providing specialized knowledge to the legislature as a whole |
| Bill | A drafted/proposed law presented to a legislature. These begin in a committee, and then if approved by the committee, they go to the full body of legislature to be debated and voted on. |
| Majority Vote | This is a vote where the winner is 50% of the total votes PLUS one additional member (218 votes is majority in the House and 51 votes is majority in the Senate) |
| Supermajority Vote | This is needed for certain votes in both houses of Congress; it is defined as a two-thirds vote of members present |
| Veto | Presidential/executive branch power the to unilaterally block or forbid a law; it prevents the law from becoming official, (veto translates to "I forbid" in Latin). Congress has the right to override a veto by supermajority vote |
| Override | Congress can pass a bill into law despite the President's disapproval; This is done by reaching supermajority in BOTH House and the Senate. Serves as a check and balance power over the executive branch |
| Filibuster | Debate tactic used in the Senate to delay/block a vote on a bill. It plays a key role in the legislative process and is used to stall congressional action in the Senate. To end a filibuster, a vote of "cloture" of 60 Senators is required to end debate |
| Conference committee | Temporary, joint Congressional committee (both houses add members). They are formed to resolve differences between two versions of a bill. It creates a single compromised bill to send to the President for approval/veto |
Created by:
CivicsDAOF