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pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Classification: | |
| Antiplatelet | |
| Chest pain suspected cardiac origin | |
| Acute coronary syndrome / MI | |
| Contraindications: | |
| Allergy to aspirin | |
| Active bleeding | |
| History of GI bleeding | |
| Pediatric patients with viral illness (Reye syndrome) | |
| Dose: | |
| 160–324 mg (chewable) | |
| Route: | |
| Oral (chewed) | |
| Onset / Duration: | |
| Onset: 5–10 min | |
| Duration: several hours | |
| BRONCHODILATOR (Albuterol) | |
| Classification: | |
| Beta-2 adrenergic agonist | |
| Bronchodilator | |
| Indications: | |
| Wheezing | |
| Asthma | |
| COPD | |
| Bronchospasm | |
| Contraindications: | |
| Hypersensitivity | |
| Use caution in tachycardia, heart disease | |
| Dose: | |
| 2.5 mg via nebulizer | |
| Or 1–2 puffs MDI (90 mcg each) | |
| Route: | |
| Inhalation (nebulizer or MDI) | |
| Onset / Duration: | |
| Onset: 5 minutes | |
| Duration: 2–6 hours | |
| EPINEPHRINE | |
| Classification: | |
| Sympathomimetic | |
| Adrenergic agonist | |
| Vasopressor | |
| Indications: | |
| Anaphylaxis | |
| Severe asthma | |
| Cardiac arrest | |
| Contraindications: | |
| NONE in life-threatening emergencies | |
| Use caution in cardiac patients | |
| Dose (common EMT doses): | |
| Anaphylaxis IM: 0.3–0.5 mg (1:1000) | |
| Pediatric: 0.01 mg/kg | |
| Auto-injector: 0.3 mg adult / 0.15 mg pediatric | |
| Route: | |
| IM (thigh) | |
| Auto-injector | |
| IV (advanced) | |
| Onset / Duration: | |
| Onset: 1–2 minutes | |
| Duration: 10–20 minutes | |
| NALOXONE (NARCAN) | |
| Classification: | |
| Opioid antagonist | |
| Indications: | |
| Suspected opioid overdose | |
| Respiratory depression | |
| Unconscious with pinpoint pupils | |
| Contraindications: | |
| Hypersensitivity (rare) | |
| Use caution — may cause violent withdrawal | |
| Dose: | |
| 0.4–2 mg | |
| May repeat every 2–3 minutes | |
| Route: | |
| IN (intranasal) | |
| IM | |
| IV (advanced) | |
| Onset / Duration: | |
| Onset: 2–3 minutes | |
| Duration: 30–90 minutes |