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Energy Ability to cause change or do work
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space
Forms of Energy Light, chemical, thermal, sound, electrical, kinetic, potential
Chemical Energy Energy stored in chemical bonds
Thermal Energy Energy related to temperature and particle motion
Electrical Energy Energy from moving electric charges
Light Energy Electromagnetic energy that travels as waves
Sound Energy Energy carried by vibrations through a medium
Work Force applied over a distance
Work Formula Work = force × distance
Condition for Work Both force and motion must occur
Unit of Work Joule (J)
Joule Definition 1 J = 1 newton × 1 meter
Power How fast work is done
Unit of Power Watt (W)
Watt Definition 1 W = 1 joule per second
Potential Energy Stored energy due to position, shape, or state
Gravitational Potential Energy Energy due to height above a reference point
GPE Meaning Equal to work done against gravity
Chemical Potential Energy Energy stored in fuels and food
Kinetic Energy Energy of motion
Kinetic Energy Formula KE = ½mv²
KE Variables m = mass, v = speed
KE Dependence Depends on mass and speed squared
Work–Energy Theorem Net work equals change in kinetic energy
Work–Energy Formula Work = ΔKE
Net Work Total work from all forces acting on an object
Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Energy Transfer Movement of energy between objects
Energy Transformation Change of energy from one form to another
Closed System A system where total energy remains constant
Thermal Energy in Systems Energy often transfers into heat
Photosynthesis Conversion of light energy into chemical energy
Cellular Energy Source Glucose provides chemical energy for cells
Created by: user-2017848
 

 



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