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aphg midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| language branch | a collection of related languages within a language family that share a common origin |
| language family | largest grouping of related languages that share a common ancestral language |
| language group | a subdivision of a language branch; languages within a group share more similarities than those in different groups |
| official language | a language designated by a government for official use in laws, education, and public administration |
| endangered language | a language spoken by a very small or declining population and at risk without a common language |
| pidgin | simplified language that develops as a means of communication between groups without a common language |
| creolization | the process by which a pidgin evolves into a fully developed language with native speakers |
| bilingualism | the ability to speak and understand two languages |
| multilingualism | the ability to speak and understand multiple languages |
| toponyms | place names that often reflect the history, culture, or language of an area |
| arithmetic density | the total population divided by total land area |
| physiological density | the number of people per unit or arable/available land |
| agricultural density | the number of famers per unit of arable land |
| push factors | negative conditions that drive people to leave a place |
| pull facots | pull factors positive conditions that attract people to a place |
| pronatalist | government policies that encourage higher birth rates |
| antinatalist | government policies that discourage higher birth rates |
| chain migration | migration of people to a specific location because relatives or community members previously migrates there |
| forced migration | migrations in which people are compelled to move due to conflict, slavery, or natural disasters |
| waves of american immigration | distinct historical periods during which large numbers of immigrants arrived in the US from different regions |
| hearths | places of orgin from which cultural traits spread |
| sacred spaces | locations that have religious or spiritual significance |
| pop culture | cultural traits that are widespread, fast changing, and influenced by mass media |
| folk culture | cultural practices that are traditional, localized, and slow ti change |
| placelessness | the loss of unique local character, making places look similar due to globalization |
| sunni | the largest branch of Islam |
| Shia | a branch of Islam |
| latter day saints (mormons) | a christian religious group |
| protestant | a branch of christianity |
| orthodox christianity | branch of christianity |
| roman catholicism | largest branch of Christian denomination |
| judaism | based on the Hebrew bible |
| transhumance | seasonal movement of livestock |
| sovereignty | states ability to govern itself without external interferance |
| statehood | recognition of an independent political entity with defined territory and population |
| cloropleth map | uses shading or colors to represent data values by area |
| dot map | uses dots to represent the distribution or density of a phenomenon |
| circle mmap | uses symbols or varying sizes to show quanitites |
| isoline map | uses lines to connect points of equal values |
| fractional scale | map shown to scale as a ratio |
| written scale | map with scale written in words |
| graphic scale | a bar line showing distance on a map |
| Mercator projection | preserves direction and shape but distorts size |
| robinson projection | minimizes distortion overall but doesn't perfectly preserve and feature |
| gall-peters projection | preserves area but distorts shape |
| scale of analaysis | the level at which date is examined |
| size | the physical extent of a place |
| shape | the geometric form of a state or area |
| area | the amount of space a place covers |
| direction | the position of a place relative to another |
| relocation diffusion | spread of ideas through physical movment |
| stimulus diffusion | spread of an idea where the concept adapts to local culture |
| contagious diffusion | rapid, widespread diffusion through direct contact |
| India (significance) | a densely populated country with ethnic religion and fast pop growth |
| Mexico (significance) | an mesoamerican history and major source of immigration for US |
| Nigeria (significance) | Africa's most populous country with major ethnic and religious divisions |
| Canada | bilingual country (France and english) with low population density |
| formal region | shared characteristic |
| functional region | from a center point/node |
| perceptional region | based on beliefs |
Created by:
jessicamo12n