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Bio. U9 P2 Yr. 1

QuestionAnswer
Mutations (changes in DNA structure) can be caused by substances called mutagens. What can result from UV radiation's role as a mutagen? UV radiation may disrupt complementary base pairing, the double helix may uncoil, the strands may separate, DNA strand may be broken into fragments, and the DNA sequence of bases may be changed
What is true of frameshift mutations? TheyMayInvolveTheAdditionOfATrinucleotideRepeat, they may be insertions or deletions, they shift the "reading frame" of the mRNA resulting in different codons, and they are more likely than point mutations to have an impact on the functioning of a protein
What describes the role of mutations in evolution? IndividualsWithAdvantageousMutationMoreLikelyToReproduce&PassOnMutatedGene,MutationsIncreaseVariationInPopulation,NewTraits(Phenotypes)MayResultFromMutations,HeritableTraitsThatAreAdvantageousToSurvival=MoreLikelyToIncreaseInFrequencyInAPopulationOverTime
Mutations are_changes in the sequences of DNA. Mutations in tumor suppressor genes (oncogenes) result in_. Abnormal cells cannot_and divide_to form tumors. random; uncontrolled cell division; perform their function; repeatedly
What are examples of chemical mutagens? Cigarette smoke & benzene
One way to determine the function of particular gene is... knockout technology that replaces a particular gene with a non-functional version and observe the effects
What is an inherited disease as a result of a base substitution mutation in a gene? Sickle cell anemia
What terms can be used to describe a mutation that leads to cancer? Somatic, germ line, and non-heritable
The sequences UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG. on mRNA code for the amino acid Serine. What base substitution mutations in DNA can result in a different polypeptide being formed? TTA
What sentences can be used to describe the CCR5 delta 32 mutation? It affects the immune system and it can protect someone from HIV
Sequences of DNA that are identical or nearly identical across a species or group of species and persist over long periods of evolution are called... conserved genes
A mutation that causes an nonfunctional protein to be produced by a premature STOP codon or incomplete codons is... a nonsense mutation
Due to the degeneracy of the genetic code, a change in the codon may or may not result in a change in amino acid. A mutation that does not change the amino acid in the protein is called... a silent mutation
This is the original sequence of DNA: ATGGCTATG This is the mutated form of the DNA: ATGGCTAATG What type of mutation is this? Frameshift & insertion
Mutations in the DNA of which types of cells can be passed on to offspring? Germ cells
What describes gene editing by the CRISPR-Cas9 system? Cas9With gRNA(guide RNA)AttachedSeparatesStrandsOfDNAAndMovesAlongTheSequenceSearchingForTheTargetSequence&gRNAConsistsOfA"Spacer"Sequence(TheSequenceOfBasesThatIsComplementaryToTheTarget)AndA"Repeat"SequenceThatWillFormRNAAndAllowItToBindToTheCas9Protein
Created by: user-1907392
 

 



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