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Bio. U9 P1 Yr. 1

Bio. U9 Yr. 1

QuestionAnswer
What non-coding regions are cut out of mRNA by the spliceosome and discarded before mature mRNA leaves the nucleus? Introns
What strand of DNA is used as the template for synthesizing mRNA? Anti-sense
A particular protein has a polypeptide chain that consists of 180 amino acids. What is the minimum number of nucleotides needed to code for this protein? 540
Replication, transcription, and translation all... involve complementary base pairing
A change in a single base in DNA is called a... point mutation
RNA editing, alternative splicing, and the addition of a 5' cap and poly-A tail all occur... post-transcription
What is true regarding gene expression? The genes that are transcribed depend on the function of the specific cell & a gene is a length of DNA that codes for a particular protein
Start codon is... the three base sequence on mRNA that codes for Met (methionine) to be brought and translation to be initiated
Stop codon is... the three base sequence on mRNA that signals the arrival of a release factor
E site is... the site on the ribosome where tRNA detaches after its amino acid has been added to the polypeptide
P site is... the binding site on the ribosome where a growing polypeptide strand is held and peptide bonds are actively formed
A site is... the binding site on the ribosome where a new tRNA arrives carrying an amino acid for the growing polypeptide
Ribosome is an... organelle that is the location of protein synthesis, found either "free" or bound to RER
What describes transcription? Occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotes, adenine on DNA is paired with uracil on RNA, RNA polymerase is used, and uses DNA as a template to make mRNA
In eukaryotic cells, before pre-mRNA is mature mRNA that is ready to leave the nucleus, it needs to be edited. What modifications will take place? A poly-A tail is added to the 3' end, alternative splicing may occur that cuts out specific exons for different variations of a protein to be made, introns are cut out and exons are spliced back together, a cap is added to the 5' end
A DNA triplet on the template strand that is transcribed has the bases TAG. What anticodon on tRNA is used in translation? UAG
What is the correct sequence of events for recycling amino acids? Protein tagged with ubiquitin --> protein is hydrolyzed by proteasome --> free amino acids/short polypeptides are released
What feature of the genetic code allows for human insulin to be produced by a bacterial cell? universality
In transcription, what enzyme has a role similar to that of helicase in replication? RNA polymerase
What role(s) does RNA polymerase play in transcription? Adds new RNA nucleotides & unwinds DNA and separates the two strands
True or False? A change in a single DNA base can result in a non-functional protein. True
Created by: user-1907392
 

 



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