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ECHR Articles/Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Margin of appreciation | Grants governments discretion in applying the convention. Allows for differences in how rights are interpreted and applied across member states while still upholding a minimum standard of protection |
| Non-refoulement | Principle of the Geneva Convention; the concept of not forcing refugees to return to countries where they face persecution, torture, inhuman treatment, harm or other serious human rights violations. |
| Article 4 of Protocol 4 | Prohibition of collective expulsion of aliens |
| Article 2 of Protocol 1 | The right of parents to educate their children in line with their own beliefs |
| Article 2 | The right to life |
| Article 3 | Prohibition of torture and subjection to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment |
| Article 5 | The right to liberty and security of person; prohibition of unlawful detention |
| Article 6 | The right to a fair trial |
| Article 8 | The right to respect for private and family life |
| Article 9 | Freedom of thought, conscience and religion |
| Article 10 | Freedom of expression |
| Article 10, paragraph 2 | Freedom of expression may be subject to interference as necessary in a democratic society, in the interests of national security or public safety, presenting disorder, or the protection of the reputation and rights of others. |
| Article 11 | Freedom of peaceful assembly and association |
| Article 12 | The right to marry |
| Article 13 | The right to an effective remedy |
| Article 14 | Prohibition of discrimination |
| Article 34 | The Court may receive applications from any individual, NGO or organisation claiming to be a victim of a violation of the Convention by a signatory state. |