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Detecting Cancer
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Apoptosis | The changes that occur within a cell as it undergoes programmed cell death, created by signals that trigger the activation of a cascade of suicide proteins in the cells destined to die. |
| Biopsy | The removal and examination of tissue, cells, or fluids, from the living body. |
| Bone Scan | A test that detects areas of increased or decreased bone metabolism bone metabolism, test to identify abnormal processes involving the bone such as tumor, infection, or fracture. |
| Cancer | A malignant tumor of potentially unlimited growth that expands locally and systemically. |
| Cell Cycle | An ordered sequence of events in the life of a eukaryotic cell, from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two. |
| Computed Tomography Scan (CT or CAT scan) | A sectional 3 dimensional view of the body constructed by computed tomography. |
| Diagnostic Imaging | Technologies that doctors use to look inside your body for clues about medical conditions, including X-rays, CT scans, nuclear medicine scans, MRI scans and ultrasound. |
| DNA Microarray | A microarray of immobilized single-stranded DNA fragments of known nucleotide sequence that is used especially in the identification and sequencing of DNA samples and in the analysis of gene expression (as in a cell or tissue). |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | A noninvasive diagnostic technique that produces computerized images of internal body tissues and is based on nuclear magnetic resonance of atoms within the body induced by the application of radio waves. |
| Oncogenes | A gene having the potential to cause a normal cell to become cancerous. |
| Osteosarcoma | A cancer derived from bone or containing bone tissue. |
| Proto-Oncogenes | A normal cellular gene corresponding to an oncogene; a gene with a potential to cause cancer but that requires some alteration to become an oncogene. |
| Radiology | A branch of medicine concerned with the use of radiant energy (as X-rays or ultrasound) in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. |
| Risk Factor | Something which increases risk or susceptibility. |
| Tumor Supressor Gene | A gene whose protein products inhibit cell division, thereby preventing uncontrolled cell growth (cancer). |
| X-Ray | To examine, treat, or photograph with X-rays. |